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Former U.S. intelligence contractor and whistleblower Edward Snowden on Monday was granted Russian citizenship by that country's president Vladimir Putin.
本周一，前美国情报机构承包商雇员、告密者爱德华·斯诺登，被俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京授予了俄罗斯公民身份。
This comes nine years after Snowden first exposed the scale of secret surveillance operations by the U.S. National Security Agency.
9年前，斯诺登首次曝光了美国国家安全局秘密监视行动的规模。
The now 39-year-old fled the United States and was given asylum in Russia after leaking secret files in 2013
在2013年泄露秘密文件后，现年39岁的斯诺登逃离了美国，并在俄罗斯获得了庇护，
that revealed vast domestic and international surveillance operations carried out by the NSA, where he worked.
这些文件披露了他工作的国家安全局开展的大规模国内和国际监控行动。
At the time, he spoke to the Guardian's Glenn Greenwald and Laura Poitras:
当时，他在接受《卫报》记者格伦·格林沃尔德和劳拉·波伊特拉斯的采访时表示：
"When you see everything, you see them on a more frequent basis, and you recognise that some of these things are actually abuses.
“当你能看到所有事情时，你会更加频繁地看到令人不安的情况，你认识到其中的一些事情事实上是滥用权力。
And when you talk to people about them, in a place like this where this is the normal state of business, people tend not to take them very seriously..."
当你在那种把这类事情作为正常业务的地方谈论时，人们倾向于不把它们当回事...”
U.S. authorities have for years wanted him returned to the United States to face a criminal trial on espionage charges.
多年来，美国当局一直希望斯诺登回到美国接受间谍罪的刑事审判。
Putin, himself a former Russian spy chief, said in 2017 that Snowden was wrong to leak U.S. secrets but was not a traitor.
普京本人曾是俄罗斯情报机构的负责人，他在2017年曾表示，斯诺登泄露美国机密是错误的，但他并非叛国者。
Russia granted Snowden permanent residency rights in 2020, paving the way for him to obtain Russian citizenship.
2020年，俄罗斯授予斯诺登永久居留权，为他获得俄罗斯公民身份铺平了道路。
