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This is Everyday Grammar. I'm Alice Bryant.
这里是《每日语法》节目。我是爱丽丝·布莱恩特。
Do you have trouble with English verb tenses?
你在英语动词时态方面有困难吗？
If so, you are not alone!
如果有的话，你并不孤单！
Verb tenses can be difficult to learn in a foreign language.
学习一门外语中的动词时态可能很难。
Different cultures think about time in different ways.
不同的文化以不同的方式看待时间。
Chinese, for example, has no grammatical verb tense.
例如，汉语语法中没有动词时态。
Other languages, like Swahili, have recent and distant past tenses.
其他语言，如斯瓦希里语，有最近过去时和远过去时。
Over the next several episodes, we will talk about the verb tense system in English.
在接下来的几期节目里，我们将讨论英语中的动词时态系统。
Verb tenses tell us how an action relates to the flow of time.
动词时态告诉我们一个动作是如何与时间的流逝相联系的。
The English language divides verbs into three main tenses: present, past and future.
英语把动词分为三种主要时态：现在时、过去时和将来时。
Those three tenses are each divided into four smaller groups: simple, progressive, perfect and perfect progressive.
这三种时态分别可以分为四个较小的组：一般、进行、完成和完成进行时。
There are 12 verb tenses in English.
英语中有12个动词时态。
But here is the good news: Most of the time, we only use 4 or 5 of them.
但好消息是：大多数时候，我们只使用其中的4到5个。
To make almost all English verb tenses, you have to put a form of the word have, be or will in front of the verb.
要构造几乎所有的英语动词时态，你必须把单词have、be或will的某种形式放在动词前面。
English verb tenses give many details about time and action, such as:
英语动词时态提供了许多关于时间和动作的细节，例如：
Is the action finished? And was the action repeated?
动作完成了吗？动作重复了呢？
It can be hard to think about time distinctions that you do not have in your own language.
你很难去辨别你的母语中所没有的时间区别。
That is why our goal over the next several episodes is to help you understand each verb tense better.
这就是为什么我们接下来几期节目的目标是帮助你更好地理解每个动词时态。
And that's Everyday Grammar.
以上就是今天的《每日语法》。
