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The body is notoriously allergic to being shot at, and it tends to react to bullet wounds
众所周知，人体对被枪击过敏，它往往会对枪伤做出反应，
by trying to pump as much of the blood you have inside you into your immediate vicinity.
试图将体内的血液泵入伤口附近的部位。
This rapid and extreme blood loss is what makes bullets so potentially fatal,
这种快速而极度的失血是子弹致命的原因，
as even severe organ and tissue damage can be repaired, or survived, given a fast enough medical response.
因为即使是严重的器官和组织损伤，只要做出快速地医疗处理，也可以修复或存活下来。
With all of your red, red kroovy leaking out of you at an alarming rate though, death is just minutes or even seconds away.
随着你身上的红色血液以惊人的速度流出来时，死亡只需几分钟甚至几秒钟。
Top scientists have labored for decades and have at last determined
顶尖的科学家们经过几十年的努力，终于确定了
that the best way to survive getting shot at is to try and keep as much of your blood inside your body where it belongs.
被枪杀后的最佳生存方式是尽量保存住自己体内的血液。
So our survival tip number one for surviving a gunshot wound is to apply immediate pressure to the wound site.
因此，我们的生存秘诀第一条，是要想从枪伤中幸免，就要立即在伤口部位施加压力。
You want to try and wrap bandages of some sort, even dirty t-shirts would do,
可以试着用绷带包扎伤口，即使是脏的t恤衫也可以，
around the wound itself and maintain constant pressure in order to slow the blood loss.
保持恒定的压力以减缓失血。
If shot on a limb, elevate it above the heart to minimize blood loss and keep that pressure on.
如果是四肢中枪，则要将其抬高至心脏上方，以尽量减少失血，并保持压力。
You should very quickly be on your way to the hospital, but if you happen to be on a solo Rambo-eseque mission in the middle of the jungle against evil drug lords,
你应该尽快去医院，但如果你碰巧在丛林中独自执行兰博式的任务，对抗邪恶的毒枭，
then the important thing is to maintain pressure and never, ever remove the bandage- no matter how bloody they get.
那么重要的是保持压力，不要拆掉绷带——不管它们染上了多少血。
Removing a bandage on a wound can actually tear open the wound again after your body has worked very hard to seal it up through coagulation.
去除伤口上的绷带实际上会再次撕开伤口，而你的身体已经非常努力地区令其闭合。
Of course you could try the popular Hollywood method of cauterization, which is a very good way of stopping blood flow- if you know what you're doing.
当然，你可以试试好莱坞流行的烧灼法，这是一种很好的止血方法，如果你知道自己在做什么的话。
Only certain types of wounds can be successfully cauterized without submitting large parts of your body to terrible third degree burns- and even worse,
只有某些类型的伤口可以成功地采用烧灼法，而不会使身体的大部分遭受可怕的三度烧伤。
without very prompt medical attention those third degree burns could pose an even greater risk of deadly infection than your single bullet wound.
更糟糕的是，如果没有及时接受医疗护理，三度烧伤可能比单一的枪伤造成更大的致命感染风险。
If blood loss can't be stopped or slowed down significantly and the wound is on a limb, it's time to take drastic measures.
如果无法止血或使失血速度明显减缓，而且伤口在四肢上时，该采取严厉的措施了。
You're going to want to get your hands on a stick and tear up your shirt into a long strip.
你可以将手放在一根棍子上，把衬衫撕成一个长条。
Tie the shirt above your wound but before the torso,
把衬衫绑在伤口上方，但在躯干前面，
and then wrap the ends of the shirt around the stick and start turning the stick in circles like a crank.
然后把衬衫的两端包在棍子上，开始像曲柄一样转动棍子。
This will tighten the shirt around your limb to painful levels- but you need to keep going.
这会把四肢周围的衬衫收紧到疼痛的程度，但你需要坚持下去。
You need to tighten your makeshift bandage so tight that it cuts off all blood flow to your wound,
你需要把临时绷带绷紧，这样可以切断伤口的所有血流。
and yes, this does mean that if you don't get very prompt medical attention, you will end up losing the limb.
是的，这意味着如果你不及时就医，就需要截肢了。
Without blood flow, the limb's tissues will die off, but your life will be saved by preventing you from bleeding out.
如果没有血液流动，肢体组织会死亡，但是你会活下来，因为你止住了出血。
Tourniquets, as these makeshift devices are known, can be life savers, and are a last-ditch measure to save someone's life.
正如人们所知的这些临时设备，止血带可以拯救生命，它是最后的措施，可以挽救某人的生命。
In the end the best way to survive a gunshot wound is to not get shot in the first place,
最后，从枪伤中幸存下来的最好方法是不要中枪。
but if you do get shot you need to remember to keep constant pressure on the wound,
但如果你真中了枪，需要记住对伤口保持恒定的压力。
and as a last resort, create a makeshift tourniquet and tie off the affected limb.
作为最后的方法，制做临时止血带并绑住患肢。
Better to lose an arm or a leg than to bleed out and die.
宁可失去一只胳膊或一条腿，也不要流血而死。
With modern medicine even the most grievous gunshot wounds can be very survival,
在现代医学中，即使是最严重的枪伤也能存活下来，
and doctors often talk about the 'golden hour',
医生们经常谈论“黄金时刻”，
where if a trauma victim can be on a surgical table within an hour, that person's life can likely be saved.
如果一个创伤患者能在一小时内接受手术，这个人的生命就有可能得救。
What other tips for surviving a gunshot wound do you know of?
你还知道什么能让你在枪伤中幸存的小窍门吗？
Let us know in the comments!
请在评论中告诉我们！
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