1.a ray of hope 一线希望
They could provide a ray of hope amid the general economic gloom.
他们能在普遍的经济低迷中带来一丝希望
2.set off 引起
Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.
股市恐慌引发了一轮抛售潮
3.pin the blame on sb 把责任推到某人身上
If you fail you may try to pin the blame on your teachers or the examiner, but in your heart you know there is no one else to blame but yourself.
如果你没通过,你可能会试图怪罪于你的老师或考官,但内心深处,你知道这件事不怪任何人,只能怪你自己
4.hard-line 毫不妥协的;立场坚定的;采强硬态度的
The United States has taken a lot of criticism for its hard-line stance.
美国因其强硬立场遭到众多批评