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Viktor Frankl was put through some of the most horrific struggles a human being could imagine. But he never lost hope, and used his experiences to continue his work helping other people find meaning in their lives. Frankl's story is one of strength, of hope, and of a man who made an impact on the world. Let's dive into it ...
维克多·弗兰克尔经历了一个人所能想象到的最可怕的斗争。但他从未失去希望，并利用自己的经验继续工作，帮助别人找到生活的意义。弗兰克尔的故事充满了力量和希望，他是一个对世界产生了重要影响的人。让我们来深入探索一下……
Early Life
早年生活
In 1905, Viktor Frankl was born the middle child of a Jewish family in Vienna. His parents were government employees, and the family was comfortable. Then World War I hit. Like so many other families of that time, the Frankls had to contend with bitter poverty. He and his siblings even had to go from farm to farm begging for food as the war progressed.
1905年，维克多·弗兰克尔出生于维也纳一个犹太家庭，他家里排行中间。他的父母是政府官员，一家人生活得很舒服。之后，第一次世界大战爆发了。像当时许多其他家庭一样，弗兰克尔一家不得不与极度贫困作斗争。随着战争的进行，他和他的兄弟姐妹甚至不得不从一个农场到另一个农场乞讨食物。
As a young child, Frankl showed interest and aptitude in the medical profession. At only three years old he wanted to be a doctor. Then, at four years old he had the realization every human has to go through - that one day, he would die. Still a toddler, Frankl's life work had already started to take shape.
小时候，弗兰克尔就对医学表现出兴趣和天赋。他3岁的时候就想当医生了。然后，在他4岁的时候，他意识到每个人都会死亡。弗兰克尔还是个蹒跚学步的孩子时，他的人生事业就已经露出苗头。
By the time he was in high school, Frankl was already studying psychology and philosophy. He even gave a speech called "On the Meaning of Life" in 1921, two years before his graduation. And when he had to write a final paper for graduation, what else would he write it on but the psychology of philosophical thought?
在上高中的时候，弗兰克尔已经在学习心理学和哲学了。他甚至在毕业前2年，也就是1921年，发表了一篇题为《论生命的意义》的演讲。当他要写毕业论文的时候，除了哲学思想的心理学，他不可能去写其他内容了。
By the time he turned twenty, he had already been in touch with Dr.Sigmund Freud. Frankl wrote Freud a letter and included a copy of one of his own papers in it. More impressively, the famous doctor then requested that Frankl allow him to publish one of the papers Frankl had written. Later, recalling the incident, Frankl still sounded like he still couldn't believe the incident even after decades of building up his own career. "Can you imagine? Would a 16-year-old mind if Sigmund Freud asked to have a paper he wrote published?"
他20岁时已经接触到西格蒙德·弗洛伊德医生了。弗兰克尔给弗洛伊德写了一封信，随信附上了一篇他自己的论文。更令人印象深刻的是，这位著名的医生随后希望弗兰克尔允许他发表弗兰克尔写的一篇论文。后来回忆起这件事时，尽管自己的职业生涯已经有几十年了，弗兰克尔依然不相信这件事真的发生过。“你能想象吗？如果西格蒙德·弗洛伊德要求发表一篇16岁孩子写的论文，那个孩子会介意吗？”
Nearly three years after that correspondence, Frankl was walking in a park in Vienna and encountered a man who looked familiar. Frankl went up to him, and asked if he was Sigmund Freud ... he was. And when Frankl began to introduce himself ... Freud recited Frankl's address to him. Freud had been so impressed by Frankl that even as the years passed, he never forgot the letter he received from the young man.
在那次通信之后将近3年，弗兰克尔在维也纳的一个公园里散步时，遇到了一个看上去很眼熟的人。弗兰克尔走到他跟前，问他是不是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德……他真的是。当弗兰克尔开始自我介绍时……弗洛伊德背诵了弗兰克尔给他写过的内容。弗洛伊德对弗兰克尔的印象如此之深，以至于多年过去，他从未忘记他收到的那封年轻人的信。
Apart from psychology, Frankl also spent his high school years immersed in politics. He began his involvement with the Young Socialist Workers as a teen, and even rose to become President of the organization in 1924.
除了心理学之外，弗兰克尔还在高中期间沉迷于政治学。他十几岁时就开始与青年社会主义工人组织接触，甚至在1924年升为该组织的主席。
With a string of accomplishments in the field of psychology already achieved during his teen years, Frankl headed to the University of Vienna to formally study his chosen fields of neurology and psychiatry. Initially, he based his studies in the theories and ideas that Sigmund Freud had advanced, but over time he began moving more towards Alfred Adler's ideas. Even after moving from Freud's ideas, Frankl kept a bust of the preeminent Viennese psychoanalyst in his office. Freud developed psychoanalysis, Adler added to that with the development of the inferiority complex, and Frankl become the third of these giants of psychology in Vienna as he developed a search for meaning called logotherapy as a key part of the study of the human psyche.
在十几岁的时候，弗兰克尔在心理学领域就取得了一系列成就，后来他前往维也纳大学正式研究他选择的神经学和精神病学领域。最初，他以西格蒙德·弗洛伊德提出的理论和思想为基础进行研究，但随着时间的推移，他开始更多地转向阿尔弗雷德·阿德勒的思想。即使舍弃了弗洛伊德的观点，弗兰克尔在他的办公室里依然保留着这名杰出的维也纳心理分析师的半身像。弗洛伊德发展了精神分析，阿德勒在此基础之上研究了自卑情结，弗兰克尔成为维也纳第3位心理学巨人，因为他研究了一种名为“意义治疗”的寻找意义的方式来作为人类心理研究的一个关键部分。
But before he became a world-renowned psychiatrist, Frankl was making a difference much closer to home. As a student he began actively putting into practice what he was learning and the theories he was developing. Moving beyond just academic interest in the human psyche, Frankl was able to literally save lives. During his time as a medical student, Frankl noticed a disturbing trend among students in Austrian high schools. When grades were reported at the end of the school term, there was a spike in suicides. Frankl spearheaded an initiative to provide free counseling to students, with an emphasis on helping them at the end of the school term. Incredibly, the first year that Frankl's program was implemented was also the first time in recent memory that there were no student suicides in Vienna.
但在他成为世界知名的精神病学家之前，弗兰克尔在离家更近的地方发挥了作用。作为一名学生，他开始积极地将他所学的东西和正在发展的理论付诸实践。除了对人类心理的学术兴趣之外，弗兰克尔确实能够挽救生命。在弗兰克尔还是医学生的时候，他注意到奥地利的高中学生中有一种令人不安的趋势。当学期末公布成绩时，自杀人数激增。弗兰克尔率先为学生提供免费咨询，重点是在学期末帮助他们。令人难以置信的是，弗兰克尔项目实施的第一年正是近年来维也纳第一次没有学生自杀事件的一年。
With proven success in suicide prevention, Frankl moved on to become head of the Vienna Psychiatric Hospital's female suicide prevention program. From 1933 to 1937, he worked with thousands of women who were in danger of committing suicide. Then, in 1937 he opened his own private practice. But a year later, Frankl's world was uprooted.
弗兰克尔在自杀预防方面取得了成功，后来他成为了维也纳精神病医院女性自杀预防项目的负责人。1933年到1937年，他接触了数千名有自杀风险的女性。1937年，他开了自己的私人诊所。但一年后，弗兰克尔的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
