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If you look at this book,
读这本书
you can see in some ways the Jewish artist
你能看到犹太艺术家
really celebrating the mixed traditions of medieval Spain.
颂扬了中世纪西班牙融合的信仰
Some of it really clearly
这其中的一些
has roots in Islamic traditions.
明显有伊斯兰的痕迹
And this is a wonderful image, rather like a carpet,
这幅图真的很棒 像地毯一样
and, at first sight, it looks very, very Islamic.
第一眼看上去 它很像伊斯兰教的风格
Then you discover, when you look carefully,
如果仔细观察 你就会发现
that it's got this incy-wincy writing all around it,
它周围全是这种蜘蛛腿一样的文字
micrography, it's called, which is really distinctively Jewish.
这种小字明显就是犹太风格
So, it's a wonderful bit of cultural blending in itself.
所以这里有着完美的文化融合
And there are bits of Christian tradition,
里面还有点基督教的元素
a wonderful picture of King David
一幅绝妙的大卫王[以色列国王]图像
actually based on a European playing card.
它是根据一种欧洲纸牌画出来的
Now, the man who did these extraordinary images
画这些图画的那个人
very proudly signs his name
在书后的一整页上
over a whole page at the very end of the book.
自豪地签上了他的大名
He says that
他说
"I Joseph Ibn Hayyim decorated and finished this."
"是我约瑟夫.伊本.海依姆画完的"
Now, these Jewish bibles are not very often signed,
现在这些犹太教圣经一般不会署名
certainly not signed in a way that takes a whole page.
反正肯定不会像这样把名字签满一整页
This is a wonderful chutzpah,
这很肆意大胆
it's a kind of artist who
这位艺术家
even at the very end of his work
就算在快要完成作品的时候
can't keep that artistry in.
也无法收住自己的艺术气息
But this is much more than a name.
不过这不仅仅是个签名
Here Joseph Ibn Hayyim is addressing the fundamental issue
约瑟夫.伊本.海依姆解决了一个关键问题
of word and image that divides so many religions.
即文字和图像带来的宗教隔离
And, in his own way, he settles the debate.
而他用自己的方法化解了矛盾
In his hands, they're one and the same thing.
在他笔下 它们合而为一
The poignant fact is
令人心酸的是
that under 20 years after this page was completed,
在这页书完成的二十年后
the Catholics expelled the Jews from Spain.
天主教徒把犹太人赶出了西班牙
This Bible survives not only as a witness to integration,
这本圣经不仅成功见证了宗教融合
but also to religious war.
也见证了宗教战争
So too in England.
在英格兰也是一样
