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Bolton's Request to Counter Iran Alarms Pentageon
博尔顿对抗伊朗的要求引五角大楼惊慌
By Eric Schmitt and Mark Landler
文/埃里克·施密特，马克·兰德勒
Senior Pentagon officials are voicing deepening fears that
五角大楼高级官员表示，他们越来越担心
President Trump’s hawkish national security adviser, John R. Bolton,
特朗普总统的鹰派国家安全顾问约翰·博尔顿
could precipitate a conflict with Iran at a time when Mr. Trump is losing leverage in the Middle East by pulling out American troops.
可能会在特朗普撤军进而失去美国在中东的影响力之际，突然对伊朗发起冲突。
At Mr. Bolton’s direction, the National Security Council asked the Pentagon last year
在博尔顿的指示下，去年，国家安全委员会曾要求五角大楼
to provide the White House with military options to strike Iran, Defense Department and senior American officials said on Sunday.
向白宫提议对伊朗展开军事行动，国防部和多位高级官员周日表示。
The request, which alarmed then-Defense Secretary Jim Mattis and other Pentagon officials,
在博尔顿提出这一要求之前，该要求令当时的国防部长吉姆·马蒂斯和五角大楼的其他官员感到十分惊恐，
came after Iranian-backed militants fired three mortars or rockets into an empty lot on the grounds of the United States Embassy in Baghdad in September.
伊朗支持的武装分子曾在9月份时往美国驻巴格达大使馆的空地上发射了三枚迫击炮或火箭弹。
In response to Mr. Bolton’s request, which The Wall Street Journal first reported,
针对博尔顿的这一请求，《华尔街日报》率先登出了此事，
the Pentagon offered some general options, including a cross-border airstrike on an Iranian military facility that would have been mostly symbolic.
五角大楼给出了几个常规选项，比如对伊朗最具代表性的一处军事设施进行跨境空袭。
But Mr. Mattis and other military leaders adamantly opposed retaliating, arguing that the attack was insignificant —a position that ultimately won out, these officials said.
但马蒂斯和其他军事领导人坚决反对实施这类报复行为，声称伊朗的这次袭击其实无关紧要——最终他们的这一立场胜出了，这些官员说。
Such a strike could have caused an armed conflict and could have prompted Iraq to order the United States to leave the country,
因为这样的袭击可能会引发武装冲突，甚至可能导致伊拉克命令美军撤出该国，
said a senior American official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss internal policy deliberations.
一名不愿透露姓名的高级官员在评价内部的政策协商时说。
Since Mr. Bolton took over from H.R. McMaster in April, he has intensified the administration’s policy of isolating and pressuring Iran —
自从今年4月接替麦克马斯特（成为特朗普的国家安全顾问）以来，博尔顿就加紧了政府对孤立伊朗、逼迫伊朗的政策，
reflecting an animus against Iran’s leaders that dates back to his days as an official in the George W. Bush administration.
这也反映了他从在小布什政府任职时就对伊朗领导人产生的敌意根深蒂固。
As a private citizen, he later called for military strikes on Iran, as well as regime change.
作为普通民众，后来他又呼吁对伊朗进行军事打击，还要求对伊朗政权进行更迭。
Mr. Bolton has made headway on some issues, like persuading Mr. Trump to withdraw from the Iran nuclear deal,
在部分问题上博尔顿确实取得了一些进展，比如他说服了特朗普退出伊朗核协议,
but has had less success with others, like maintaining an American military presence in northeastern Syria to counter Iranian influence —
但在其他问题上就没有那么乐观了，比如在继续维持美国在叙利亚东北部的军事力量从而对抗伊朗对叙利亚的影响一事上——
something Mr. Bolton vowed to do only weeks before the president announced in December that he was pulling out.
总统去年12月宣布从叙利亚撤军的几周前，博尔顿才信誓旦旦地做出了这一承诺。
In asking for military options, a senior administration official said, Mr. Bolton was merely doing his job as national security adviser.
博尔顿请求采取军事行动，一位高级政府官员说，也不过是在履行他作为国家安全顾问的职责罢了。
He pointed out that the Iranian-backed militants also targeted the American Consulate in Basra.
他指出，伊朗支持的武装分子还袭击了美国驻（伊拉克）巴士拉的领事馆。
“The N.S.C. coordinates policy and provides the president with options to anticipate and respond to a variety of threats,”
“国家安全委员会对政策进行了协调，并为总统提供了防范并应对各种威胁的选择，”
said a spokesman for the National Security Council, Garrett Marquis.
国家安全委员会发言人加勒特·马奎斯说到。
Mr. Bolton, 70, is not the only Iran hawk in Mr. Trump’s circle of top advisers.
在特朗普的高级顾问圈子里，70岁的博尔顿并不是唯一一个对伊朗持强硬态度的人。
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo declared in a speech at the American University in Cairo last week that
国务卿迈克·庞培上周在开罗美利坚大学发表演讲时就宣称，
“countries increasingly understand that we must confront the ayatollahs, not coddle them.”
“各国都已经越来越清楚地认识到，我们必须跟那些阿亚图拉硬碰硬，而不是纵容他们。”
译文由可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载。
