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This episode of SciShow Kids is brought to you by Child and Teen Checkups.
这一集的SciShow Kids是“儿童和青少年健康检查”组织带给你的。
Every kid needs a checkup at least once a year.
每个孩子每年至少需要一次体检。
If you live in Minnesota, Child and Teen Checkups can help.
如果你住在明尼苏达州，“儿童和青少年健康检查”会有帮助。
Learn more at GetCTC.com.
更多信息请访问GetCTC.com。
Squeaks, want to try something cool?
吱吱，想试试酷的东西吗?
I have this big chart here with lots of the same letter: E.
我有一个大图表，上面有很多相同的字母E。
But the Es are all pointing in different directions!
但是都指向不同的方向!
All you have to do is stand back from the chart a little and tell me which direction the letters are pointing in,
你所要做的就是稍微远离图表告诉我字母指向哪个方向，
and we’ll know a lot about how your eyes are doing based on which letters are too small for you to see.
基于哪些字母对你来说太小而看不见，我们会知道你的眼睛是如何运作的。
What does the test tell us about your eyes?
测试告诉我们关于你眼睛的什么信息?
Well, sometimes people — or even robot rats — have trouble seeing things clearly.
嗯，有时候人们——甚至是机器鼠——很难看清东西。
The world might look kind of blurry, especially things that are far away.
世界可能看起来有点模糊，尤其是那些遥远的东西。
It can happen so slowly that you might not even notice that things are getting blurrier, so doctors sometimes do tests like this E chart to check.
这种情况发生得非常缓慢，以至于你可能都没有注意到事情变得越来越模糊，所以医生有时会做这样的检查。
I went to visit my eye doctor the other day and did a test a lot like this, except it had a bunch of different letters of the alphabet instead of Es in different directions.
前几天我去看我的眼科医生，做了一个类似的测试，只是它有很多不同字母的字母表而不是不同方向的Es。
So I thought it might be fun to try this test at home just to show you what it’s like.
所以我觉得在家里做这个测试会很有趣，只是为了给你们展示它是什么样子的。
Oh, Squeaks wants to know what happens if you can’t see some of the Es?
噢，吱吱想知道如果你看不到一些Es会怎么样?
That’s totally OK.
完全不用担心。
It just means you might need glasses to help you see better.
这只是意味着你可能需要眼镜来帮助你看得更清楚。
Lots of people wear glasses!
很多人戴眼镜!
There are also lots of people who wear contact lenses, which do the same thing as glasses, except they’re small and go right on top of the person’s eyeball.
也有很多人戴隐形眼镜，它们和眼镜的作用是一样的，只是它们很小，而且正好在人的眼球上方。
Glasses help the world look less blurry by changing the light you see before it gets to your eyes.
光线到达你的眼睛之前，通过改变你看到的光线，眼镜可以帮助世界看起来不那么模糊。
It all has to do with the lens, the part of the eye right underneath the colorful part.
这一切都与晶状体有关，眼睛的右下方是彩色的部分。
Its job is to turn the big wide world around you into a clear, tiny picture in the back of your eye.
它的工作是把你周围广阔的世界变成你眼睛后面清晰的、微小的画面。
That’s where you have the part of your eye that sends messages to your brain about what you’re seeing, and that’s called the retina.
这是你的眼睛向大脑发送信息的部分，这就是视网膜。
The lens is supposed to bend the light rays so what you’re seeing becomes a small, clear picture that lands exactly on your retina.
镜片会使光线弯曲，这样你所看到的就会变成一幅清晰的小图像，正好落在你的视网膜上。
When the world looks blurrier than it should, that’s usually because the lenses in the person’s eyeballs are shaped a tiny bit differently.
当世界看起来比应该的要模糊时，那通常是因为人眼球里的镜片形状稍有不同。
If the shape of the lens isn’t completely 100% perfect, the light rays won’t get bent into a clear picture when it gets to your retina.
如果晶状体的形状并不是100%完美的，那么当光线到达视网膜时就不会弯曲成清晰的图像。
Instead, the picture will be blurry.
相反，图像会变得模糊。
You can get an idea of how this works by asking a grownup to help you shine a bright light through a magnifying glass.
你可以通过让一个成年人帮你通过放大镜发出强光来了解这是如何工作的。
Don’t look at the light through the magnifying glass, though, or you could hurt your eyes.
不过，不要用放大镜看光，否则会伤到眼睛。
Just point the light toward something, like this desk here, and move the magnifying glass back and forth.
把灯指向某个东西，比如这张桌子，然后把放大镜前后移动。
See how the point of light on the desk changes?
看到桌子上的光点是如何变化的了吗?
The magnifying glass bends the light rays just like the lens in your eye does.
放大镜使光线弯曲，就像你眼睛里的晶状体一样。
If you hold the glass in a certain spot, the circle of light is small and clear.
如果你把玻璃放在一个特定的点上，这个光圈是小而清晰的。
But if you move it back and forth, the light rays bend differently, and the circle becomes blurrier.
但如果你前后移动它，光线就会发生不同的弯曲，圆圈就会变得模糊。
When someone’s lens is shaped a way that bends the light a little differently, the same thing happens to the picture in the back of your eye — it becomes blurrier.
当一个人的晶状体以一种不同的方式弯曲光线时，同样的事情也会发生在你眼睛后面的图像上——它变得模糊了。
But the good news is, glasses can help fix the way the light bends!
但好消息是，眼镜可以帮助修复光线弯曲的方式!
Like this magnifying glass, glasses and contact lenses bend the light a little bit before it even gets to the lens in your eyeball,
就像这个放大镜，眼镜和隐形眼镜会在光线进入眼球之前稍微弯曲一下，
so by the time the picture hits the back of your eye, it’s perfectly clear.
所以当照片照到你的眼睛后面的时候，光线就很清楚了。
So, Squeaks, should we try the test and see how your eyes are doing?
所以，尖叫，我们应该试试这个测试看看你的眼睛怎么样?
OK, so first let’s cover one of your eyes with this patch.
好吧，首先让我们用这个眼罩盖住你的一只眼睛。
Now, can you point your arm in the direction of the Es on this line at the bottom here?
现在，你能把你的手臂指向下面这条线上的Es的方向吗?
I’ll point to each one, and you tell me!
我会指着每一个，你告诉我!
Ready?
准备好了吗？
Great, Squeaks!
好的，吱吱！
You were able to see almost all of them, so it looks like that eye is fine.
你几乎可以看到所有，所以这只眼睛很好。
Next we’ll try the other eye.
接下来我们来试试另一只眼睛。
Your doctor will do this test for real at your next appointment, and she’ll keep doing it as you get older to check if you need glasses.
你的医生会在下次预约的时候做这个测试，当你变老的时候，她会继续做这个测试，检查你是否需要眼镜。
All kids should have a vision checkup at least once a year.
所有的孩子都应该每年至少做一次视力检查。
Kids might not talk about having problems seeing because they think that’s the way everyone sees.
孩子们可能不会说他们看东西有问题，因为他们认为每个人都是这样看东西的。
It takes an eye doctor to know for sure, and many vision problems can be corrected if they’re caught early.
需要眼科医生来确认，如果发现得早，很多视力问题都能得到纠正。
If you live in Minnesota, learn more at GetCTC.com.
如果你住在明尼苏达州，在GetCTC.com了解更多。
And if you live somewhere else in the United States, you can click the the link in the description to learn more about the benefits that may be available to you.
如果你住在美国的其他地方，你可以点击描述中的链接来了解更多关于你可能得到的好处。
