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America's creation of the Marshall Plan in 1947 pumped much-needed capital into devastated Western Europe.
美国于1947年提出的马歇尔计划为被战争破坏的欧洲注入了急需的资金
Had the Soviets not opted out of the Marshall Plan, Eastern Europe could have benefitted too.
如果不是苏联选择脱离马歇尔计划，东欧本来也是可以从中受益的
But then again, the Soviets did not want their Eastern European clients to express any gratitude to the United States.
但是再一次地，苏联不希望它们的东欧附庸国对美国怀有任何谢意
In May 1949, the Western controlled portions of Germany declared themselves the Federal Republic of Germany - or "West Germany."
1949年5月，西方控制下的部分德国宣布自己为德意志联邦共和国，也就是西德
That October, Soviet-controlled portions of Germany established itself as the German Democratic Republic, or "East Germany."
同年10月，苏联控制下的部分德国自称为德意志民主共和国，也就是东德
Deep within East Germany, the old German capital of Berlin was also divided into a "Western" zone controlled by America, Britain, and France,
在东德内部，古老的德国首都柏林也划分为了由美国，英国和法国控制的西区
and an "Eastern" zone controlled by the Soviets.
以及由苏联控制的东区
Berlin became a focal point of Eastern-Western contention.
柏林成为东西对峙的一个焦点
In June 1948, the Soviets cut off all road and rail traffic to West Berlin, hoping to choke West Berlin into submission.
1948年6月，苏联切断了通向西柏林的所有道路和铁路交通，希望能够让西柏林投降
An Anglo-American airlift was started immediately — at times, the US plane landed in West Berlin every minute,
英裔美国人立即开始空中补给——有的时候，西柏林每分钟都会有一架运输机降落
and kept West Berlin supplied for more than a year until an agreement was reached in April 1949.
为西柏林提供了一年多的供给，直到1949年4月达成协议
