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How many fingers? Three. How many? Two.
这是几根手指？三根，现在呢？两根。
Eight years ago, Stephanie Hopper was diagnosed with glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer.
八年前，斯蒂芬妮·霍珀被诊断为胶质母细胞瘤，这是一种恶性脑癌。
Surgeons removed the tumor, but it returned two years later.
外科医生切除了肿瘤，但两年后复发了。
The survival rate for glioblastoma is low, at best a year and a half after diagnosis.
这种脑瘤的存活率很低，确诊后最好的情况是一年半。
Hopper entered a study that uses a genetically modified polio virus developed at Duke Cancer Institute.
霍珀参加了一项由杜克癌症研究所研发的项目，他们研发了一种转基因脊髓灰质炎病毒。
The modified virus doesn't cause paralysis but it does shrink the tumor.
这种转变过的病毒不会导致瘫痪，而会缩小脑肿瘤。
A clinical trial showed the treatment significantly improved the long-term survival rate for patients whose glioblastoma returned.
临床试验表明，该疗法显著提高了胶质细胞瘤复发患者的长期生存率。
The three-year survival rate was 21 percent for these patients,
这些患者的三年存活率是21%，
while only four percent of patients at Duke with the same type of recurring brain tumors
而同样在杜克，同样还是胶质母细胞瘤复发，
were alive three years after having what was the standard treatment.
三年前接受普遍治疗方法的患者存活率只有4%。
Even a dead polio virus causes a very strong immune response. The dead virus is used in the polio vaccine.
即使是死亡的脊髓灰质炎病毒也会造成强烈的免疫反应，而这种疫苗就用了这种死亡病毒。
Dr. Darell Bigner is the senior author of the study.
达雷尔·比格纳博士是这项研究的资深作者。
What this did, very simply, was to destroy the ability of the polio virus to infect nerve cells and cause poliomyelitis any longer,
它的作用非常简单，就是摧毁脊髓灰质炎病毒感染神经细胞，以及造成脊髓灰质炎的能力，
but it retained the ability to kill cancer cells.
但病毒保留了杀死癌细胞的能力。
Doctors injected the modified virus directly into the brain.
医生们将这种经过改良的病毒直接注射到大脑中。
They repeated the treatment on five patients whose cancer returned.
他们再次对5名癌症复发患者进行了治疗。
Those that we've been able to follow long enough have responded to the treatment the second time.
通过对患者进行长时间跟进，我们发现第二次治疗起到了效果。
The procedure is still experimental, but the results are so promising
这一方法仍处于试验阶段，但结果却让人充满希望。
that doctors have started a second study, combining the polio virus with chemotherapy to try to improve the results.
医生开始了第二项研究，即将脊髓灰质炎病毒和化疗相结合，改善治疗结果。
As for Stephanie Hopper, her tumor continues to shrink.
至于斯蒂芬妮·霍珀，她的肿瘤继续缩小。
Carol Pearson VOA News.
VOA记者卡罗尔·皮尔森报道。
