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40.Who is the Chief Justice of the United States?
40.谁是美国的首席大法官？
Answer: John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)
答案：约翰·罗伯茨
Explanation: The Supreme Court is the highest (or most important) court in the United States, so it makes sense that the leader of the Supreme Court, known as the Chief Justice, is the highest (or most important) judge in the U.S. government.
解释：最高法院是美国地位最高（或最重要的）的法院，因此最高法院领袖、即首席大法官是美国政府中地位最高的（或最重要的）法官是讲得通的。
The Chief Justice has all the same responsibilities as the Associate Justices for hearing cases (or listening to lawsuits and stating a legal opinion).
对于审理案件（或倾听诉讼和陈述法律观点），首席大法官和联合大法官的职责相同。
However, the Chief Justice also has many other responsibilities.
然而，首席大法官还有许多其他的职责。
When the nine justices of the Supreme Court discuss (or talk about) cases, the Chief Justice must lead the discussion.
当最高法院的九位大法官讨论案件时，首席大法官必须引导讨论。
The Chief Justice speaks first, and this gives him or her the power to influence (or affect) the discussion.
首席大法官首先发言，这样他或她就能对讨论产生影响。
The Chief Justice also makes the agenda (or plan for what will be discussed) for each weekly meeting where the justices decide which cases they are going to hear.
首席大法官还要为每次周例会制定议程（或计划将要讨论的内容）、决定审理哪些案件。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
