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Check out this coat we found for Squeaks!
看看我们为吱吱找的这件外套！
It's got a great pattern, it's just the right size, and it even has a Velcro to close it.
它样式很好，大小也合适，还有一个合上的搭扣。
Squeaks has some trouble doing buttons with his paws,
吱吱用爪子系钮扣时有些麻烦，
but with the Velcro, he can put this coat on all by himself!
但有了搭扣，他就能自己穿这件外套了！
That's a good question, Squeaks.
吱吱，问得好。
Just where does Velcro come from?
搭扣从何而来？
You might be surprised to learn that the idea for Velcro actually came from a plant.
你可能会对搭扣的想法源于植物感到惊奇。
A long time ago, a man name George De mestral was out walking his dog.
很久以前，一位名叫乔治·德·迈斯德欧的人出去遛狗。
They passed by some plants along the way,
他们沿途经过了一些植物，
and they both brushed up against the plants as they walked.
他们一边走一边碰着植物。
When George got home, he found small seeds stuck all over his clothes!
乔治回家后发现自己的衣服上粘得全是小种子！
His dog's fur was covered, too.
狗毛上也全是。
He decided to get a closer look at these sticky seeds,
他决定仔细观察一下这些粘性种子。
and when he put them under a microscope,
当他把它们放在显微镜下时，
he saw that they were covered all over in tiny hooks.
看到它们全被小钩子覆盖着。
Those types of seeds are called burrs, or sometimes cockleburrs, or stickums,
这种种子叫毛刺，也叫苍耳或粘皮，
which is a pretty fun word to say.
是个很有趣的词。
Those tiny hooks all over each burr had hooked onto the fabric of George's clothes,
毛刺上的小钩子全都钩在了乔治衣服的纤维上，
and even the tangles in his dog's fur.
甚至缠在了狗毛上。
Then George had an idea.
随后，乔治有了一个想法。
He wanted to make something for people that could stick in the same way.
他想用同样的粘连方式为人类发明点儿什么。
You guessed it, Velcro!
你猜对了，搭扣！
Let's take a closer look at what he invented.
我们近距离观察一下他的发明。
It looks like one side has tiny, stiff hooks, just like the burrs did.
它的一面看起来像是坚硬的小钩子，就像毛刺一样。
And the other side has soft, flexible loops of fabric, just like George's clothes or his dog's fur.
另一面是柔软，有弹性的纤维环，就像乔治的衣服或狗毛。
So Velcro works just like the burrs,
所以搭扣的作用就像毛刺一样，
with the hook-covered side hooking onto the soft, loopy side.
用小钩子覆盖的一面勾住柔软的环面。
It stays stuck until you pull it apart with enough force to bend the hooks out of the loops.
它会一直粘着，直到你用足够的力气把钩子拉出环。
But they don't bend too much, so you can keep sticking and unsticking Velcro over and over!
但它们不会弯太多，所以你可以反复粘或不粘搭扣。
That is a really useful invention, Squeaks.
吱吱，这是个非常有用的发明。
It helps us to stick all sorts of things together, like your coat.
它帮助我们把各种东西粘在一起，就像你的外套一样。
When we take ideas from nature and use them to create new things, we call it biomimicry.
当我们从自然中获取灵感并利用它们创造新事物时，我们称之为生物仿生。
You might already know that "mimic" means to copy,
你可能已经知道“mimic”的意思是复制，
and when a word has "bio" in it, that usually means it has something to do with living things.
当一个单词含“bio”时，通常意味着它与生物有关。
So when you put those two parts together in the word "biomimicry",
所以当你把这两个部分组合成单词“biomimicry”时，
it means copying living things!
意思就是复制生物！
In this case, George biomimicked the burrs' ability to stick to soft things like fabric and fur.
在这个例子中，乔治仿生了毛刺的能力，把东西粘到柔软的物质如纤维和毛皮上。
And while George used his invention to help people stick things together,
乔治用他的发明帮助人们把东西粘在一起，
the plants use their hook-covered burrs to stick to animals like George's dog.
而植物利用它们的钩状毛刺粘住动物，如乔治的狗。
The plants do that because they have a problem:
植物这样做是因为它们有困难：
If a plant drops all of its seeds right next to it,
如果植物把所有的种子都种在旁边，
when those seeds try to grow up into big plants, there isn't enough space for them all.
当这些种子想要长成为大植物时，空间就不够了。
The parent plant is using the water and the soil there,
母本植物正在利用水和土壤，
and the seeds can't get enough to survive.
那么种子就没有足够的生存资源了。
So, the parent plant needs to get its seeds far away from it,
所以，母本植物需要把种子从它身边移开，
so they can grow up big and strong.
这样它们才能茁壮成长。
But plants can't move around the way animals do!
但是植物不能像动物那样运动！
Some plants solve this problem by having seeds that blow away in the wind, like dandelions.
一些植物靠风吹散种子来解决这个问题，比如蒲公英。
Others surround their seeds with tasty fruit that animals will want to carry away and eat,
还有一些植物用美味的果实包裹它们的种子，动物们想要带走并吃掉果实，
which means they'll poop out the seeds somewhere else.
就会把种子排泄到别的地方去。
But some plants use animals another way.
但是有些植物却以另一种方式利用动物。
Exactly! They turn their seeds into those sticky burrs.
说对了！它们把种子变成粘性的毛刺。
So all they have to do is wait for an animal to get close enough,
所以它们要做的就是等待动物靠近，
and their burrs, with all of their seeds inside, will stick to the animal's fur.
它们带有种子的毛刺会粘在动物的皮毛上。
The animal will hopefully move away before pulling the burrs out of their fur, spreading seeds all over.
动物在把毛刺从毛皮里拔出来之前，很有可能离开了，这样种子就会散遍各处。
What an amazing way for plants to survive and spread their seeds,
这是植物生存和传播种子的神奇方式！
and what a great idea for us to learn from plants.
对我们来说，学习植物是个好主意。
Now, let's make sure the Velcro on your coat is nice stuck, so we can go outside to play!
现在，我们来检查一下你的外套确实系好了，这样我们就可以出去玩了！
Have you ever gotten burrs stuck on your clothes?
你的衣服上曾粘过毛刺吗？
What other amazing plants would you like to learn more about?
你想要学习其他一些神奇植物吗？
Have a grown-up help you to leave a comment below, or send us an email tokids@scishow.com
找个大人帮忙在下方留言，或发邮件至kids@scishow.com。
We'll see you next time, here at the fort!
我们下期见，沃斯堡等你哦！
