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Hi my name is Rebecca and in today's vocabulary lesson, you'll have a chance to learn a variety of expressions to discuss the positive and negative aspects of any subject or topic, okay?
大家好，我是Rebecca。在今天的课上，我们将学习讨论优缺点时会用到的表达方式。
So let's have a look at the board. You can use the expressions that I'm going to teach you in a few minutes in verbal situations or in written situations, okay?
下面看黑板。我们在这节课上所学到各种短语均可运用于口头或书面表达中。
So you can use them in conversations, in discussions, presentations or debates; you can also use them when you're writing academic papers or assignments;
因此，你们可以在对话、讨论、演讲或是辩论中运用这些表达；你也可以在写论文或作业时用到它们。
you can use them in business reports and also in personal or professional email, okay?
当然也可以在商务报告、私人或专业邮件中用到它们，好么？
So how do we discuss, what are the terms we can use to discuss or describe the positive and negative aspects of something, so here are some of the expressions you can use.
那么我们怎样讨论或描述某件事情的正反两方面呢，我们可以运用以下表达方式。
We can say "advantages and disadvantages", that's used very often and many people do know that, you're familiar with that,
我们可以说“优点和缺点”，这是大部分人都知道的常用表达，大家一定对这组短语非常熟悉，
but I'm going to show you some other words you can use in exactly the same way.
但是接下来我要教大家一些其他用法相同的词汇。
You can also say "pros and cons", so "pros" means the positive aspects and "cons" means the negative aspects of any topic or problem or policy or issue that you're discussing.
你也可以说，“pros and cons”，“pros”指的是所讨论的话题、问题、政策、事务的积极方面，而“cons”指的则是消极方面。
We can also use the term "benefits and drawbacks", okay? again "benefits" are the positive, "drawbacks" are the negative.
我们还可以用到“利与弊”，“利”是积极方面，而“弊”指的是消极方面。
You can use the term "positive and negative aspects", positive aspects of an issue, the negative aspects of a decision, that's it, okay?
还可以直接说“积极和消极方面”，问题的积极方面，决定的消极方面，就是这样，明白了么？
You could also say the "plus points" and the "minus points", it means exactly the same thing.
你也可以说，“加分点”和“减分点”，就是指优点和缺点的意思。
Basically everything on this side means the positive side; all the expressions or words on that side mean the negative side, okay?
基本上这一边都是积极方面而这边的所有词汇和表达都是消极方面，明白了么？
You can also say the "pluses" and "minuses", okay? or you could say the "up side of the issue" or the "down side", okay?
你还可以说“优势”和“劣势”，或者你可以说“事情好的方面”或是“不好的方面”，明白了么？
Let's see how we can use these in some sentences, so you could say for example,
下面我们来看看如何在句子中运用这些表达，例如，
"What are the advantages and disadvantages of this new law?", "Let's discuss the pros and cons of the marketing campaign."
“这条新法律的优点和缺点是什么？”，“我们来讨论一下营销活动的利弊。”
"Let's list the benefits and drawbacks of the proposed policy.", "The article discusses the positive and negative aspects of the recent political changes."
“我们来列举一下拟议政策的利弊。”，“这篇文章讨论了近期一些政策变化的优缺点。”
Next one, "Let's compare the plus points and the minus points of the newly released product.",
下一个，“我们来比较一下新产品的优缺点。”
"This essay contrasts the pluses and minuses of private school education.",
“这篇文章对私立学校教育的优缺点做了对比。”
the last one, "There's always an upside and downside to every decision or change in life." okay?
最后一个，“人生中的每个决定或改变都有利弊。”
So now you see how to use these terms and expressions when you're discussing various types of questions.
现在你明白如何在不同问题的讨论中运用这些短语和表达了么。
You could be discussing an issue, you could be writing an essay, you could be having a debate and these expressions will come in very very handy.
在问题讨论中，在写文章时，在辩论中，这些短语都非常实用。
Now the only one point I would like to make is that this is the only one pros and cons which you have to use together,
现在有一点我需要提出来，就是“pros and cons”这对短语一定要一起使用，
in other words, you have to say something like, "let's discuss the pros and cons of this new policy.",
也会就是指，你必须要说，“让我们来讨论一下这个优缺点。”
you cannot say, really, we don't use it this way, "let's discuss the pros of this policy or let's discuss the cons of this policy.",
而不能说，“让我们讨论一下这个新政策的优点。”也不能说“让我们讨论一下这个新政策的缺点。”
we don't usually use it like that at all but with all of the other expressions, you can use them either together or separately.
针对“pros and cons”我们不会拆开来用，而其他表达则可以一起用或单独拆开使用。
so you could say, "let's discuss the benefits of this change.","let's discuss the drawbacks.", "let's discuss the plus points.", "let's talk about the minus points." okay?
所以你可以说，“我们来谈谈这个变化的优点。”，“我们来谈谈缺点。”,“我们来讨论一下加分点。”，“我们来谈谈减分点。”明白了么？
So the rest of them you could use either together or separately but not this one, okay?
所以剩下这些，既可以一起使用也可以分开使用，但是“pros and cons”绝对不行。
So if you'd like to do a quiz on this or many other aspects of English, please go to our website www.engvid.com
如果你想做相关测试，请登录我们的网站www.engvid.com
Thanks for watching and good luck with your English. Bye for now.
谢谢观看。下期见。
