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Maintaining a healthy weight is a goal for many people.
保持健康的体重是许多人的目标
And aerobic exercise is one way to kick your metabolism into high gear,
有氧运动有助于提高新陈代谢速率
to help burn excess fat by using the chemical energy that's stored inside it.
通过利用脂肪中储存的化学能消耗多余脂肪
The fat in your body is actually a connective tissue made up of cells called adipocytes, or fat cells.
人体内的脂肪实际上是一种结缔组织 由脂肪细胞组成
Which raises the question: What happens to these cells when you burn up your fat stores?
那么问题来了: 燃烧脂肪时 这些细胞会怎么样
Do the cells just disappear when their energy is released?
在能量消耗后 这些细胞就这么消失了？
Well, here's the skinny on your fat cells… They never really go away.
这里有一些脂肪细胞的机密情报 它们从没有真正消失
But they can grow and shrink, depending on whether you're gaining or losing weight. And that's a good thing.
它们随着你体重的增加减少而膨胀收缩 这是个好事情
You don't want your fat cells to completely go away, because that tissue plays an important role in your anatomy.
人们不想让脂肪细胞完全消失 因为这种组织在人体内 起着十分重要的作用
Fat gives your body structure, cushions your organs, and keeps you insulated to help regulate your body temperature.
脂肪起着构成人体组织 保护器官 以及隔离外界从而调节体温的作用
But the primary function of fat cells is to store energy.
然而脂肪细胞基本功能是储存能量
When you eat, sugars in your food are the first form of energy to be used.
吃饭时 食物中糖类作为一种优先能量形式被人体使用
But when you're /not/ eating, your body needs a way to access energy from /somewhere/ so you can still function.
而不吃饭时 需要从其他途径获得能量 才能活下去
So fat is actually super important. Like any other cell in your body, your fat cells have a nucleus and organelles.
因此脂肪超级重要 像体内的其他细胞 脂肪细胞也有细胞核和细胞器
But they're specialized, so that 90% of each cell is basically just a pouch for fat storage.
但它们很特别 每个脂肪细胞的90%基本上用于 储存脂肪
And the fat-storage unit that your body uses is called a triglyceride.
人体使用的脂肪储存单元被称为甘油三酯
It's made up of three fatty acid chains and a molecule of glycerol --
甘油三酯由三分子长链脂肪酸和一分子甘油合成
a kind of alcohol that serves as a backbone for the fatty acids to attach to.
甘油作为骨架供脂肪酸反应
The bonds in fatty acids contain a lot of chemical energy,
脂肪酸键中储存大量化学能
so it's in this form that fat sits around in your adipocytes.
通过这种方式 脂肪存储在脂肪细胞中
When they're needed for energy, triglycerides are broken up into its component fatty acids,
人体需要能量时 甘油三酯在LPL蛋白质帮助下
with the help of a protein known as LPL.
分解成它的成分脂肪酸
Those fatty acids can then pass through the membrane of the fat cell,
然后脂肪酸会通过脂肪细胞膜
where they're dispatched to be metabolized elsewhere, so their energy can be unleashed.
在那儿 脂肪酸会被分散到别处进行新陈代谢 释放能量
In the process, the fat cell shrinks.
在这个过程中 脂肪细胞缩小了
But if more triglycerides get stored than get used up, that's what causes adipocytes to grow.
但是如果储存的甘油三酯的比使用的多 就会造成 脂肪细胞的增长
And larger fat cells means more adipose tissue.
并且脂肪细胞越大意味着脂肪组织越多
Losing weight requires expending enough energy to break down the triglyceride stores into
减肥需要消耗足够能量 将储存的甘油三酯分解成脂肪酸
fatty acids that can further be used as energy, shrinking the fat cells.
脂肪酸作为能量被进一步消耗 从而收缩脂肪细胞
But as anyone who has tried to lose weight knows...it takes a lot of work.
但每一个想要减肥的人都明白…这需要下大功夫
And even if you do lose weight, it's easy to gain back,
而且就算你减肥成功 也很容易反弹
since it requires less energy to store excess fat than to burn it.
因为储存多余的脂肪 比消耗多余的脂肪需要的能量少
So, without using up any of that stored energy, fat cells will continue to sit, unused and forgotten.
所以 如果不耗尽所有储存的能量 脂肪细胞会一直堆积在体内 被闲置 被遗忘
Thanks for asking, and thanks especially to all of our patrons on Patreon who keep these answers coming.
感谢咨询 尤其感谢所有Patreon上的赞助者 给我们带来了这些答案
If you'd like to submit questions to be answered,
如果你想要知道一些问题的答案
or get some videos a few days early, go to patreon.com/scishow.
或者提前得到一些视频 请登录patreon.com/scishow
And don't forget to go to youtube.com/scishow and subscribe!
还有不要忘了到youtube.com/scishow上订阅我们哦！
