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He thinks when someone breaks, fear, not pain is what does it.
他认为一个人不是由于痛苦而是由于恐惧才崩溃
McCoys chapter on the history of torture takes up two 20th century innovations in breaking people.
McCoys所写的酷刑史也提到了两个20世纪发明的让人崩溃的办法
Found through research by psychologist funded by the US government to come up with improved interrogation technics.
这是美国政府出资心理学家通过研究所想到的改善过的审问办法
One innovation was called 'self-inflicted' suffering.
一种叫做自己造成的痛苦
This enlists the interrogees will as in stress positions.
让受审者处于极大的压力环境下
The other was sensory deprivation as in putting or severe isolation.
另一种叫做感官剥夺将受审者完全地隔离起来
If the new techniques are less painful during interrogation than the classic ones they are comparably stressful.
如果说这些新的技巧相比于那些老方法带来的痛苦更少他们带给受审者的压力却是同等的
Pain is not always the most effective source of stress.
痛苦并非总是最有效的压力来源
If stress both does the work in interrogation and produces long range harms incidental to tortures end,
如果压力在两种审问中都有效并且造成长期的伤害
stress is morally more basic than pain and a perspicuous definition should substitute stress for pain.
那么从道德上说压力比痛苦更基本清晰的酷刑定义中就应当将痛苦替换为
Truth serum would still not be torture however objectionable in other ways.
压力不管如何有异议吐真剂不能算作是酷刑
But the other new interrogation methods would be.
但是其它的新型审讯方法就能算是
The advantage of the new methods is that although they are as harmful as the old ones, they are less apt to leave marks,
新方法的优势在于尽管它们和老方法一样造成伤害但它们
at least the kind that tell tales, which is important to plausible deniability.
不那么容易留下痕迹至少不是那种一看便知的这就有利于审讯者否认施加酷刑
Stress lasting beyond interrogation is called the aftermath.
审问之外持续的压力就叫做余波
Yet victims experience it as continuous with the torture.
受害者在酷刑中会持续感受到
The sister Diana Ortiz tortured in Guatemala around 1989 says, 'we are never healed from the torture but it most learns to cope with the aftermath.
1989年左右在危地马拉遭到酷刑的Diana Ortiz说过我们从来都没有从酷刑中恢复过来最重要的是要处理酷刑带来的后果
