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Nicholas' crushing of the Polish Rebellion in 1830 to 1831 made clear to the world that he would intervene wherever monarchy was threatened.
尼古拉在1830年到1831年对波兰叛乱的镇压表明他可以插手任何受到威胁的君主国的事物
When a wave of revolutions swept over Europe in 1848, also the year that Marx's Communist Manifesto appeared,
当1848年革命波及整个欧洲的时候，这一年马克思的共产党宣言也诞生了
Nicholas offered financial and military aid to the threatened kings.
尼古拉向受到威胁的君主提供了财政和军事援助
In 1849, he sent Russian troops to keep Hungary from leaving the Austrian Empire.
1849年，他派军防止匈牙利脱离奥匈帝国
He also pleaded with King Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia to avoid changes which might lead to constitutional monarchy.
他也请求普鲁士国王弗里德里希·威廉避免任何可能将国家变为君主立宪制的变化
Yet the Gendarme of Europe was not as mighty as everyone had assumed.
但是欧洲宪兵并不像大家认为的那样强大
Maintaining a Pax Russica throughout Europe was expensive, but the Russian economy was hopelessly backwards.
在欧洲维持这种和平的代价是昂贵的，而俄国的经济又是那么的落后
Nicholas' vision of official nationality canceled out all dangerous initiatives, even the building of railroads.
尼古拉的合法民族主义取消了一切可能导致危险的动机，包括修建铁路
The first railroad of any length in Russia was the Moscow-St. Petersburg line completed in 1851.
俄罗斯第一条有相当长度的铁路是1851年竣工的——莫斯科到圣彼得堡铁路
Neither Nicholas nor the nobility did anything to help the peasant serfs who continued to make up most of the tax base and most of the army.
无论是尼古拉，还是贵族都没有采取任何措施帮助一直负担着大部分税收和兵役的农民
Great Britain, France, and the other European powers had no way, however, of seeing Russia's inherent weakness.
英国，法国，还有其他的欧洲列强都无法看到俄国内在的弱点
