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This happens with all trauma, it can happen even more I think with people from torture.
所有受到创伤的人都会有这种经历但我认为受过折磨的人更容易出现这些问题
The emotional ones are the ones I think you would expect, depression, anxiety, anger, confusion.
关于情感影响，我觉得大家会认为有抑郁，焦虑，愤怒和疑惑。
Learned helplessness is one of the immediate consequences,
习得性无助感是直接后果，
and humiliation um, it comes from having extreme and arbitrary stress imposed without the ability either to fight it or to flee from it.You're trapped in it.
羞辱是来自于经历了别人强加的极端和专制的压力却无力反抗者逃离你已经深陷其中了
This is what can induce in animals, extreme anxiety conditions, it's the same thing with human beings.
这是我们从动物身上得到的极端焦虑情况人类也是如此
It's one of the psychological effects of torture in the immediate sense.
这是折磨产生的直接心理影响的一个方面
The third area is the social.
第三个领域是社会范畴。
A loss of trust, a loss of sense of identity, a loss of community,
不再有信任感，身份认同感和群体感
I've mentioned marginalisation as well.
我也提到了边缘化
And then if we had the time it'd be important to talk much more about the existential the spiritual sense, the bereavement that takes place as well.
如果我们有时间我们应该多谈一谈精神上的存在感以及丧亲之痛。
It leaves the person feeling vulnerable attempting to cope as best they can often with ways that aren't real adaptive such as using alcohol, using numbing.
它让人变得脆弱人们会想要用尽自己最大的能力克服然而所采取的方式并不是真的合适例如酗酒，变得麻木。
In the longer term the most obvious affects of torture
从长远来看，折磨或者创伤
and or trauma is PTSD, which has been diagnosed for about 20 years now in our professions.
最明显的后果就是创伤后精神紧张性精神障碍我们行业里诊断出这个疾病有20年了
There's three parts to it.
它具体有3个部分
A tendency to avoid, avoid any situations that are reminders, withdraw socially, um hyper-arousal, hypersensitivity, nightmares, intrusive memories, flashbacks and then the numbing.
逃避能够使人想起过去的情境社交上变得自闭高度警觉，高度敏感，常做噩梦过去的记忆侵扰，痛苦的往事重现，变得麻木
Having no feelings, shutting down because it's too difficult to cope.
失去感觉，关闭感情因为痛苦太难应对了
