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The Minnesota Twin study, one of the most famous studies in the field of psychology,
明尼苏达州的双胞胎研究一个在心理学领域非常有名的研究
Was done by Lykken and Tellegen, two prominent psychologists. And what they did was they wanted to understand
是两个杰出的心理学家Lykken和Tellegen做的这个研究是关于
How much do genes matter. How much is it about nature versus nurture?
基因的重要性与教育相比 它对性格的影响多大?
So how do you test that? You look at identical twins,
要如何测试呢?同卵双胞胎
Monozygotic twins who share the same genetic profile. And you look at those who are reared apart.
他们拥有相同的基因谱研究那些被分开抚养长大的同卵双胞胎
Because if they are reared by the same parents, one could argue, Well they came out very similar because same environment:
因为如果他们由相同的父母抚养 人们会说 他们这么相似 是因为有同样的成长环境
They look the same; they go to the same schools; same parents, and so on.
他们外表一模一样 上一样的学校有同样的父母 等等
But what if you are able to find identical twins who were separated at birth,
如果你能找到 出生时就分开了的同卵双胞胎
And reared in radically different environments. Well you could.
在完全不同的环境里长大现实中能找到这种人
And they found significant number of those, reared in, sometimes different continents.
学者发现有很多这样的人有时甚至在不同的洲长大
And they studied them. And what they found remarkably
他们对这些双胞胎进行了研究发现了一个明显的现象
Was significant similarities among these twins, sometimes to the points of unbelievable.
这些双胞胎极其相似有时相似之处非常惊人
Like one set of twins I think they found the wives with the same name.
像有一组双胞胎他们娶了名字相同的妻子
