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It's an intervention study where again, in the healthy adults but at risk for Type 2 diabetes.
这是一项干预性研究对有患II型糖尿病的健康成年人来说
They compared sleep restriction to sleep extension in a randomized cross-over design and showed that in fact.
研究人员在随机交叉试验中对睡眠限制和睡眠延时进行了比较结果显示
Sleep restriction was associated with reduced levels of activity so even though the maintenance of wakefulness has an energy cost.
睡眠限制与活动水平的降低有关因此 尽管保持苏醒状态会消耗能量
This stimulation of appetite is greater than the energy cost and then during the daytime.
但胃口调动起来后人们摄入的能量要高于所消耗的能量因此白天的时候
There's a tendency for the sleep-deprived individuals to expend less energy so that is kind of a Professor Ion left.
睡眠不足的个体倾向于消耗较少的能量这是艾伊恩教授留下的研究数据
So I'm just going to put that out there I think he would like this slide but the shift's illustrating the epidemic of obesity.
我把它放在这里我想他会感到高兴的这个变化图说明了
And the reduction in sleep duration and I just reviewed with you the laboratory evidence that kind of supports that link in the course of relationship.
肥胖症和睡眠时间减少的变化趋势我刚刚给大家讲到了实验室的研究数据数据从某种程度上支持这种联系的存在
Where those were all interventions studies there are large body of evidence or epidemiological evidence that I think we hear more about it today.
还提到这些都属于干预性研究有大量证据 或大量流行病学证据证明我想我们今天已经听过了很多这方面的研究成果
But that's not what I want to continue to discuss now so now I want to discuss the risk of Type 2 diabetes and to just remind you that in this first study.
我不想就这个问题继续讲解下面我要讲讲II型糖尿病的风险我想提醒大家的是 在第一项研究中
Dr. Spiegel performed this intravenous glucose tolerance test and just to remind the...how Type 2 diabetes evolves not in everybody.
斯彼格博士实施了静脉内葡萄糖耐受性测试我再给大家讲讲II型糖尿病是如何发展的不是每个人都会出现这个变化
In the majority of the subjects the tissues that need insulin to utilize glucose become less sensitive to insulin.
但大多数试验参与人都有需要胰岛素去利用葡萄糖的器官变得对胰岛素不再敏感
Also called "insulin resistant" so in order to achieve the same glucose metabolism the beta cells of the pancreas have to release more insulin.
这也被称为"胰岛素抗性"因此为了达到相同的葡萄糖代谢胰腺中的β细胞就需要释放出更多的胰岛素
