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Latrobe will have to tunnel through rock 4,000ft thick.
拉特罗布得在四千英尺厚的岩石中凿出隧道
Even today, tunneling is a remarkable engineering feat.
即便在今天 隧道穿凿仍是一项浩大的工程
Back in the mid 1800s, it was unthinkable.
而在十八世纪中叶 这简直难以想象
If you wanted to get to the other side of that range by rail,you had to go through it.
但如果要通火车 就必须从中穿过
You had to think big, you had to be audacious.
因此必须要敢想敢做 大胆冒险
The explosive force: gunpowder.
爆破的力量是火药
The muscle: from a new kind of pioneer.Irish immigrants.
而人力则来源于一批新的开拓者 爱尔兰移民
43% of America's foreign-born population.
他们占美国外来人口的百分之四十三
They flee the potato famine in Ireland In search of a new life.
他们从爱尔兰的大饥荒中奔逃而来 寻求新生
Here they earn less than a dollar a day,
在这里他们每日挣不到一美元
But they are praised as "Pioneers of civilization".
但他们被尊称为"文明的开拓者"
A New York newspaper proclaims:"There are many new kinds of power"
一份美国报纸声称: 在共和政体下
working at the fabric of this republic:steam power, horse power and Irish power.
许多新生力量勃然兴起: 蒸汽动力 马力 以及爱尔兰人力
The last works hardest of all.
"而爱尔兰人力最为辛劳勤勉"
It would be said of immigrants,you'd rarely see one with gray hair.
据说那时很少见到 有白发的移民
A worker was lucky to live long enough to have gray hair.
能活到长出白发的年纪 就算是工人的幸运了
