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演讲简介：
快节奏的电子游戏如何影响大脑? 和研究认知的达芙妮 芭菲莉亚一起走进实验室，听听关于电子游戏，甚至是动作射击游戏的惊人发现。它们可以帮助我们学习，集中注意力，以及不可思议地，帮助我们多任务处理。
n. 声明，陈述
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- And so I'm going to take a few examples from our work.
- 我想要举几个我们在研究中发现的例子。
- One first saying that I'm sure you all have heard
- 这第一个说法，我想大多数人都听说过：
- is the fact that too much screen time makes your eyesight worse.
- 看太久屏幕会导致视力下降。
- That's a statement about vision.
- 这是个关于视力的说法。
- There may be vision scientists among you.
- 也许你们中有人是视觉方面的专家，
- We actually know how to test that statement.
- 我们知道如何检验这个说法。
- We can step into the lab and measure how good your vision is.
- 我们可以在实验室中测出你的视力到底怎么样。
- Well, guess what? People that don't play a lot of action games,
- 你猜结果怎么样？不经常玩游戏
- that don't actually spend a lot of time in front of screens, have normal,
- 也不经常看屏幕的人视力正常，
- or what we call corrective-to-normal vision. That's okay.
- 或者说定义为正常。这没什么问题。
- The issue is what happens with these guys that actually
- 现在我们要关注的是那些
- indulge into playing video games like five hours per week,
- 每周花5个小时，
- 10 hours per week, 15 hours per week.
- 10个小时，15个小时沉迷于游戏的那些人。
- By that statement, their vision should be really bad, right?
- 根据刚才的说法这些人的视力应该很差，对吗？
- Guess what? Their vision is really, really good.
- 你猜怎么着？这些人的视力居然非常好。
- It's better than those that don't play.
- 甚至比那些不玩游戏的人视力还要好。
- And it's better in two different ways.
- 他们视力好体现在两个方面。
- The first way is that they're actually able to resolve small detail in the context of clutter,
- 其一是他们可以在杂乱中看到细节。
- and though that means being able to read the fine print on a prescription
- 也就是说在看药品说明上的小字的时候
- rather than using magnifier glasses, you can actually do it with just your eyesight.
- 不需要放大镜，靠肉眼就能看清。
- The other way that they are better is actually being able to resolve different levels of gray.
- 其二是他们能够分辨不同的灰度。
- Imagine you're driving in a fog.
- 想象一下你在大雾中开车。
- That makes a difference between seeing the car in front of you
- 有分辨灰度的能力能够让你分辨前方汽车，
- and avoiding the accident, or getting into an accident.
- 意味着你是否能避免车祸的发生。
- So we're actually leveraging that work to develop games for patients with low vision,
- 我们现在正在用这个发现开发游戏
- and to have an impact on retraining their brain to see better.
- 帮助视力不好的病人重新训练他们的大脑，让他们能看得更好。
- Clearly, when it comes to action video games,
- 通过研究我们很明显地发现，对于玩动作电子游戏的人来说，
- screen time doesn't make your eyesight worse.
- 玩游戏的时间长并不意味着视力变差。
- Another saying that I'm sure you have all heard around:
- 另一个我相信大家都听说过的说法是
- Video games lead to attention problems and greater distractability.
- 电子游戏会让人难以集中注意力。
- Okay, we know how to measure attention in the lab.
- 我们知道怎么在实验室中测量一个人注意力的集中程度。
- I'm actually going to give you an example of how we do so.
- 我将带给大家一个测量的例子。
- I'm going to ask you to participate,
- 我希望大家都能参与进来，
- so you're going to have to actually play the game with me.
- 所以需要大家一起和我做这个游戏。
- I'm going to show you colored words.
- 我将展示一些有颜色的单词。
- I want you to shout out the color of the ink.
- 我希望大家大声说出字体的颜色。
- Right? So this is the first example.
- 明白了吗？马上是第一个例子。
- Orange, good. Green.
- 橙色，很好。绿色。
- Red.
- 红色。
- Yellow.
- 黄色。黄色
- Red.
- 红色。黄色。
- Yellow.
- 黄色。
- Okay, you get my point, right?
- 大家明白我做这个游戏的意思了吧？
- You're getting better, but it's hard. Why is it hard?
- 你们做得越来越好，但是这还是很难。为什么会觉得难？
- Because I introduced a conflict between
- 因为在这个游戏里
- the word itself and its color.
- 文字本身的意思和它字体的颜色是矛盾的。
- How good your attention is determines actually how fast you resolve that conflict,
- 你的注意力有多集中决定了你能多快解决这个矛盾。
- so the young guys here at the top of their game probably, like,
- 所以状态最佳的年轻人们会比
- did a little better than some of us that are older.
- 我们中有些年龄大些的表现好一点。
- What we can show is that when you do this kind of task
- 我们会发现如果
- with people that play a lot of action games,
- 普通人和经常玩游戏的人一起做这个游戏的时候，
- they actually resolve the conflict faster.
- 经常玩动作电子游戏的人能更快地处理其中的矛盾。
- So clearly playing those action games doesn't lead to attention problems.
- 所以很明显地，玩动作电子游戏不会导致注意力产生问题或是更容易分心。
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