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But if you think about the kinds of studies
但如果你仔细想一想这类研究
that get reported about sleep
想一想关于睡眠的报告
they are often on subjects like this
报告内容不外乎
who can sleep in a strange sleep laboratory
参与者头上贴满了电极片
with all the electros on their heads
然后在实验室的奇怪环境下入睡
So either they are good sleepers
所以志愿者要么本来就有良好的睡眠
and they don't really get bothered
不需要担心被打扰
or concerned about signing up for a sleep study
也不担心睡眠试验对他们的影响
or they are so bad at sleeping
要么就是睡眠质量及其糟糕
that they need help desperately and they volunteer for a study
他们迫不及待地自愿参与研究
So with that caviar
所以志愿者各自抱着不同的目的
a lot of the research is really on a very skilled population
很多研究只涉及到了一小部分人群
How many of you would go into a sleep lab
你们有多少人
and volunteer for a study?
会到实验室自愿参加研究?
What would be your motivation?
你们参加的动机是什么?
I think as you think about these data
当你们思考这些研究数据时
I think about that question as well
我也在思考这个问题
Now the typical adult sleep actually
正常的成年人睡眠状态
looks very similar to this in young adults
和这个年轻人的睡眠图很相似
When you are awake
当你醒着时
and you turn out the light to go to sleep
你关灯睡觉
it takes about 5 minutes to fall asleep
大约5分钟后就睡着了
and then you go down into stage 1, light sleep
然后你进入浅睡的第一阶段
and stage 2, light sleep
然后是浅睡的第二阶段
before you get into stage 3 and stage 4 deep sleep
然后是深度睡眠的第三和第四阶段
Then you come back up gradually to the first REM period
然后你逐渐进入第一个快速眼动期
which is about 90 minutes after you fall asleep
大约在睡着后的90分钟
Now if you take 5 minutes to fall asleep
如果你上床5分钟就睡着了
that's great
那再好不过了
If you fall asleep as soon as your head hits the pillow
但如果你的头一沾枕头就睡着了
anybody like that?
你们觉得这样好吗?
It really does mean that you are sleep deprived
其实这意味着你的睡眠不足
It's not necessarily good
头一沾枕头就睡着了
that you fall asleep as soon as your head hits the pillow
其实并不一定是什么好事
because it means
因为这种情况意味着
that you could also then become so sleep deprived
你的睡眠不足已经到了很严重的程度
that you fall asleep as you stop at a stop sign
以至于你可能在等红灯时就睡着了
or in traffic or driving home from something
或者开车回家的路上就睡着了
and you fall asleep at the wheel
或者开着开着车就睡着了
So we are really busy with a campaign
所以我们迫不及待地发起了一项活动
about driving while drowsy
也就是疲劳驾驶活动
and looking at this issue of how long it takes to fall asleep
研究人们到底需要多长时间才能睡着
I'll talk more about initiation and insomnia later
我一会会讲到关于入睡和失眠的问题
but that's really taking more than 30 minutes to fall asleep
但在关灯之后
when you turn out the light
你需要30分钟以上的时间才能睡着
