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Vitamins are compounds required in very small
维生素是一种化合物，人类需要少量的
amounts for essential body functions. One way to
维生素来保持身体机能，划分维生素
classify the vitamins are as water- or fat-soluble.
种类的一种方式就是将其划分为水溶性
The water-soluble vitamins are distributed widely in
和脂溶性，水溶性维生素广泛存在于
the body but not stored; therefore, they are not
身体之中，但并不能被储存，因此其不可能
likely to be associated with toxic overdose.
因吸收过量而出现中毒的情况
The fat-soluble vitamins have a more complex
脂溶性维生素的分布则更加复杂
distribution and can be retained; hence, they can
并且可以在人体内保存，因此
cause tissue damage if consumed in large amounts.
如果服用过量，会造成组织受损
This presentation will focus on the water-soluble
这种表现主要集中在水溶性维生素
vitamins which are Vitamin C and the B Vitamins.
也就是维生素C和维生素B
Water-soluble vitamins include the B-complex
水溶性维生素包括维生素B群
vitamins and Vitamin C. The B-complex vitamins
和维生素C B群维生素的作用
are often associated with giving a person more energy.
是给人们提供能量
This is due to the fact that these vitamins each play
这是由于每种维生素在人体能量
different roles with energy metabolism in the body.
新陈代谢的过程中都发挥不同的作用
When they are present in the body, they allow
它们在人体内部可以帮助
energy to be used more readily by the body.
人们更有效地吸收能量
Since these vitamins are water-soluble, they are not
由于这些维生素是水溶性的，它们并不会
stored in the body like fat-soluble vitamins.
像脂溶性维生素一样储存在身体里
They dissolve in water and are excreted from the body
它们会溶解在水中，并且以尿液的形式
in urine. Therefore, it is important to consume foods
从人体排出，因此食用那些富含水溶性
rich in these foods each day
维生素的食物十分重要
in order to fulfill the body's needs.
它们能保证人体所需的能量
Vitamin B12 is found naturally in foods that are
从动物身上获取的食物中
produced from animal sources such as fish, meat,
富含维生素B12，比如鱼类，肉类
poultry, eggs, and milk. Fortified breakfast cereals
蛋类以及牛奶，强化早餐燕麦也富含
are also an excellent source of this vitamin,
这种维生素，素食主义者尤其应该
especially for vegetarians. Cobalamin, more commonly
多加服用，维生素B12又叫做钴胺素
referred to as Vitamin B12, is useful for maintaining
它对保持神经细胞和
healthy nerve cells and red blood cells.
血红细胞的健康具有重要意义
It is also plays an important role in the
同时，它在合成DNA上也有
synthesis of DNA, which is the genetic material
重要作用，而DNA是人体基因载体
of the body. This vitamin. Cobalamin, more commonly
维生素B12又叫做钴胺素
referred to as Vitamin B12 is useful for maintaining
它对保持神经细胞和
healthy nerve cells and red blood cells.
血红细胞的健康具有重要意义
It is also plays an important role in the synthesis
同时，它在合成DNA上也有
of DNA, which is the genetic material of the body.
重要作用，而DNA是人体基因载体
This vitamin is also important because it allows
这种维生素的重要性还体现在另一方面
the body to use Folate by converting homocysteine
它能够使人体通过将高半胱氨酸转化为
to methionine. Folate is a very important nutrient
蛋氨酸来吸收叶酸，叶酸是一种非常重要的
that will be discussed in detail later.
营养物质，我们稍后会详细讨论
It is recommended that a person consumes 2.4
医学上建议每人每天摄入2.4毫克
micrograms of Vitamin B12 each day. If a person
维生素B12 如果一个人在食物中
does not have enough Vitamin B12 in their diet,
没有摄入足够的维生素B12
they may experience symptoms such as depression,
他们就会产生抑郁，贫血
anemia, weakness or fatigue, and neurological
无力和疲倦等症状，同时神经系统
problems that include numbness or tingling in the
也会受到损害，包括手脚麻木和刺痛
hands or feet. If a B12 defiency is not corrected,
如果这种情况没有得到及时缓解
the neurological damage can be permanent.
那么这种神经上的损害就是永久性的
