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These Barbarians, these tribes have been relatively stable,
这些外邦人,这些部落一直保持相对稳定
relatively stable, for a couple of centuries under the Romans through the force of the Roman Empire
在罗马统治下保持了几个世纪的平稳，凭借罗马帝国的力量
through this peace that was imposed
这样的和平稳定得以加强
But then toward the beginning of the 400s or early 400s at the beginning of this century
但是之后接近公元400年的开始和初期，在这个世纪的初期
they started moving around and I do have a map which again
他们开始四处迁徙，我有一幅地图
I find this more interesting in a kind of informative way than the fact that you have to really learn
又一次,我发现这幅地图告诉我们一些更有趣的信息，这些信息比那些你们要学的事实更有趣
the simple there's kind of curious to look
理由很简单,因为这看起来很让人好奇
because it makes us realize how these tribes were wandering
因为这让我们了解到这些部落是怎么四处迁徙的
If you look at that first map for example on the upper left corner you see the date on is 525
你看一下第一张地图举个例子，在左上角我们看到日期是525年
And who's in England?
这时候谁在英格兰
You see the Britons have been supplanted
英格兰原住民已经被
by the Anglos and Saxons and then big central area
盎格鲁撒克逊人所排挤掉,然后欧洲中部地区呢
which we think of as what?
我们认为会是什么样的情形
A whole bunch of countries right?
一大堆的国家不是么
France, Belgium, Holland, Luxemburg, Switzerland,
法国,比利时,荷兰,卢森堡,瑞士
Austria, Germany the whole area the Franks
奥地利,德国,然而这整片区域,都是法兰克人
are predominate in that whole area you see some other groups
在主宰地位的,你还能在看到一些其他族群
here on the fringe,which are also Germanic tribes, you see Saxons
他们生活在边缘地区,他们也都是日耳曼部落的,你看,萨克逊人
you see the Corinthians, you see the Alemanian, you see the Lombards down on the Iberian Peninsula
有科林斯人,有阿勒曼尼人,还有伦巴族人，他们在南方的伊比利亚半岛
We see the Visigoths who are the West Goths, a Germanic tribe
我们看到西哥特人,同样是一个日耳曼部落
In Italy you see the Ostrogoths who are the East Goths
他们在意大利驻扎,同时你还能找到东哥特人
another Germanic tribe
另外一个日耳曼部落
One things I find very interesting when looking at these,
我发现看这些东西很有趣的一个地方就是
Is the Basque here
看这里的巴斯克
And so again if you take Spanish if you're interested in politics at all,
如果你学过西班牙语或者对政治很有兴趣
if you know once a month there something, it seems
如果你刚好或以前就知道每月都会有这样的事
for years we've read about the Basque blowing up something
每年我们都能了解到巴斯克在马德里闹出事
in Madrid or someplace else wanting to be a seperate country
或者是别的地方闹事成为一个独立国家
their desire to be a separate group is not new founded
你可以发现他们渴望成为独立群体的愿望早就有
That they are old group cause this goes back 1500 years
他们是有着悠久历史的族群,从1500年前就开始挑事
