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In December of 2006 a large study was competed
2006年12月
in Europe that assessed the relationship
一项评估运动与结肠直肠癌风险之间关系的
between physical activity and colorectal cancer risk.
大型研究在欧洲完成
The work was part of the European Prospective
这项研究是欧洲癌症和健康发展调查委员会
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
研究的一部分，该组织缩写为EPIC
or EPIC study which was established to study
该组织的建立是为了研究
the associations between dietary, lifestyle, genetic
膳食，生活方式，基因和环境因素
and environmental factors and risk of specific cancers.
与特定癌症风险的关系
This specific study enrolled over 400,000 people
在1992年到1998年之间
including over 350,000 women and 150,000 men
这个特定研究登记了40万研究对象
between 1992 and 1998. The participants were
包括超过35万女性和15万男性
from across Europe and 23 different regional
参与者来自欧洲各地
or national centers. All participants were recruited
以及世界23个国家和地区
from the general population with an average
所有参与者都是从一般人群中招募
approximate age of 35 to 70 years. The information
大致年龄范围是35岁到70岁
collected for the study included the number
搜集的信息包括
of colorectal cancers that occurred in the population
在这个时间段患有直肠癌的人数
during the time period of the study and the assessment
和每一个研究对象
of the physical activity of each study participant.
的运动评定
Colon and rectal cancers were analyzed separately
结肠癌和直肠癌被分开来分析
and colon cancer subdivided into right vs.
结肠癌被细分为右结肠肿瘤和左结肠肿瘤
left colon tumors. Physical activity information
运动信息是通过访谈
was gathered from interviews or self-administered
和研究设施提供的
questionnaires at a research facility. The questions
自填问卷获得
looked into occupational activity levels. They were
问题调查涉及职业活动
grouped as non-worker, sedentary, standing, manual,
职业活动被分为久坐，站立，体力活
heavy manual and unknown. Non-occupational
重体力活和未知活动
activities were also noted. A MET value was
非职业活动也有所记录
assigned to volunteer activities such as
园艺，爬楼梯，走路，运动等自主活动
gardening,stair climbing, walking,sports and more.
的MET也得到记录
MET values were averaged over
一周的时间里，家庭和娱乐活动的
a week for household and recreational activities.
MET值是平均的
With this information the participants were classified
有了这些信息
into gender specific categories of low, medium, high
参与者被划分为不同性别下的低度，中度
and very high activity.
高度和非常高度运动
The results of this study were clear in showing
该研究结果在整体上
a protective effect of overall physical activity
明确显示了运动
on colon cancer risk. The participants with
对结肠癌的预防作用
the most active lifestyles had lower risk of
拥有最高级运动型生活方式的实验参与者
developing colon cancer compared to their inactive
与不经常运动的参与者相比
counterparts. The different types of physical activity
有着更低的结肠癌发病率，不同类型的运动
whether in doing household chores, recreational
在预防癌症方面的效果差别不大
activities or work related physical activity
不管是做家务，娱乐活动
were not distinctly different in providing protection.
或是与运动相关的工作
The authors of this study estimated that
研究人员估测如下
participants with the highest levels of
做全面高强度运动的参与者
total physical activity had between 20 and 25%
直肠癌的发病率
lower risk of developing colon cancer
要比与不经常运动的参与者
compared to the inactive participants.
低20%到25%
