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The famous Spanish lustred vase, which you see here
在大英博物馆中可以看到的
in the British Museum
著名的西班牙光面花瓶
with the arms of Piedro Medici
上面绘有皮尔德罗·美第奇
or of his son Lorenzo
或其儿子洛伦佐的臂章
Is the best known example of a luxury commission
它是已知的奢侈品委托生产的最佳实例
which can be dated by the arms to 1465 to 92
通过臂章可以将其追溯到1465到1492年间
The form of the smaller Detroit vase
这个小一点的
is copied from that of a Spanish
底特律花瓶的外形
lustred flower vase
是从模仿西班牙的光面花瓶而来的
Tuscan paintings depict Spanish flower vases or plant pots
托斯卡纳的绘画描绘的是西班牙花瓶或花盆
in careful detail as luxury ceramic
其绘画手法如奢华的陶器一样细腻
A sophisticated Cassoni panel at the Florentine school
佛罗伦萨学校的一个精致复杂的卡索尼面板
painted with Cupid and Psyche made in 1444
上面的丘比特与普赛克创作于1444年
perhaps for the marriage of
可能是为了路克希亚·图那伯尼
Lucrezia Tornabuoni to Pietro Medici,
和皮业德罗·美第奇的婚礼而制作的
shows Valencian vases
其中展示的是放在阳台上
on a balcony use to grow evergreens
用于种植万年青的巴伦西亚风格的花瓶
which have been pruned into elaborate shapes
这些花瓶的外形刻画得非常精美
The central one taking the form of the Medici device
中间的那只花瓶体现的是美第奇
of the diamond ring and feathers
带有羽毛的钻戒
This is the kind of Spanish import
这是西班牙进口瓷器的一种
which inspired the Detroit vase
激发了底特律花瓶的形成
It may have served as a flower vase
它可能用作美第奇庄园中的
or as a plant pot at the Medici villa
花瓶或花盆
where it is documented in 1494
记载于1494年
At this early date
在这个较早的时期
Italian potters had not yet mastered
意大利的制陶工人还没有掌握
the demanding lustre technique
高要求的光面技术
and could only imitate golden lustre effects in manganese brown
只能模仿锰棕色背景中的金黄色色泽的效果
as here
就像这样
Lustre was successfully achieved
一直到1500年
in Italy by 1500
意大利的光面技术才达到日臻成熟的程度
by which date
直到这个时候
the Italians had driven the Spanish imports from their markets
意大利人才将西班牙的进口瓷器驱逐出市场
and began to dominate the luxury ceramics trade in Europe
并开始主导欧洲的奢侈陶器贸易
The vase is a key piece in the story
这个花瓶是这个故事中的重要组成部分
it's been described as a milestone
它被认为是意大利制陶工人
in the conquest by Italian potters
征服意大利客户中的高级主顾的
of the highest levels of patronage amongst Italian clients
一座里程碑
This dish is one of four surviving pieces
这个盘子是一组非常出色的餐具中幸存的
from a remarkable set of dining wares
四件中的一件
made in Pesaro around 1476-90
大概出产于1476-1490年间 制造地为佩萨罗
The buyer was Matthias the King of Hungary
其购买者是匈牙利的国王马蒂亚斯
and his second wife, Beatrice of Aragon
和他的第二任妻子阿拉贡的比阿特丽斯
All four of the pieces in the Corvinus set have
这一科维努斯四件套都有
broad brightly painted borders with the arms of the couple
宽大鲜亮的边缘 其描绘的是这对夫妇的臂章
Two of the pieces are painted with narrative scenes at the centre
其中有两件中间描绘的是叙事性场景
One in the V & A shown here
维艾博物馆在这里所展示的一件瓷器上
depicts boys gathering fruit
所描绘的是男孩们在采摘果实的画面
as an allegory of abundance
以此来象征生活的充裕
A theme associated with marriage and fertility
这是和婚姻以及生育有关的主题
At the centre of the Metropolitan's dish is a young woman
在这个大都会的盘子中央 描绘的是一位妇女
seated in a landscape
她正坐在一个景观中
combing the mane of a unicorn
正在梳理一只独角兽的鬃毛
which lies in her lap
这只独角兽依偎在她的大腿上
According to legend, the fierce unicorn
相传 这种凶猛的独角兽
could only be tamed by a virgin
只能由处女才能驯服
after which it could be captured
之后才能将它捕获
The deer in the background allude to
背景中的那只鹿暗示的是
the background which is to come
即将到来的未来
Here, I can't resist showing you this marvelous drawing
现在 我不禁要向你们展示这幅巨画
by Leonardo da Vinci
这幅画由列奥纳多·达·芬奇
dating from the late 1470s
创作于15世纪70年代末
which shows a young girl pointing at the unicorn
画面描绘的是一位少女手指着一只
which she's just tamed
她刚刚驯服的独角兽
Leonardo recounted the story
列奥纳多在他的笔记本中
in his notebooks
又重新叙述了这个故事
bringing out the erotic and sexual elements in the image
并描绘出了这个图像中的情欲元素
he writes, "the unicorn through its lack of temperance
他这样写道:这只独角兽由于缺乏节制
and because it doesn't know how to control itself
同时也由于它不知道如何控制自己
with the delight that it has for young maidens
对少女才能表现的那种喜悦
forgets its ferocity and wildness
让它忘记了自己的凶猛和野性
and laying aside all fear
放下所有的恐惧 依偎在那里
it goes up to the seated maiden and goes to sleep in her lap
它信赖那个坐着的少女 慢慢地在她腿上睡去
and in this way, the hunters take it"
这样 猎人才能抓住它
During the middle ages
在中世纪
this legend took on Christian connotations
这个传说具有基督教教义
so that the maiden, who symbolizes chastity
因此这个象征着贞洁的少女
could also be compared with the Virgin Mary
能够和圣母玛利亚相媲美
