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Vesare went on to say this
凡塞尔还继续讲述了
about the achievement of contemporary ceramics
有关当代陶瓷的成就
"we should recognize that in so far as we can tell
"我们必须承认 据我们所知
the ancient Romans were not aware of
当时古罗马还未意识到
this type of painting on pottery
可以在陶瓷上进行绘画的事实"
The vessels from those days
那个时代
which have been found filled with the ashes of their dead
装满了死人骨灰的器皿上面
are covered with figures incised
刻画的人物
and washed in with one colour in any given area
在任何区域都采用统一的颜色
Sometimes in black, red or white
有时是黑色的 红色的 或是白色的
but never with the brilliance of glaze
但从来都不用明亮的釉色
or the charm or variety of painting
或者我们现在所看到的
which has been seen in our day
绘画之美或种类
From the fifteenth century
自15世纪以来
specialist pottery centres developed often
专业的陶艺中心常常
with the help of urban merchants or ruling patrons
在城市商人或主顾的资助下发展起来的
Towns such as Deruta, Siena, Montelupo, Pesaro
包括德德屋塔 西安纳 蒙特卢波 皮耶吉欧
and Faenza
和法恩扎等城镇
To illustrate these mass produced wares
为了说明这些大量生产的陶器
here is a molded bowl
首先来看这个模具造型的瓷碗
dated 1538, made in Faenza
可追溯到1538年 制造地为法恩扎
It was painted with an allegory of unrequited love
上面描绘的是一个有关暗恋的寓言故事
and its centre showing a woman cruelly
其中心展现的是一个女人残忍地
piercing the heart of her lover with a dagger
用匕首刺穿她爱人的心脏
The fluted form is made from moulding the dish
这种有沟纹的外形是从浇筑盘子时形成的
copying embossed metal work
是对具有压纹的金属器件的复制
This technique speeded up production
这种技术极大地加快了生产进程
and the highly coloured decoration is also of a standard type
而这种色彩鲜明的装饰也是一种标准形式
very well fired to give a perfect glossy finish
它提供了一个非常完美的光面
Such pieces as this probably intended for use as fruit bowls were
像这样可能用作果盘的器皿
produced in large quantities and were exported all over Europe
是大量生产的 然后出口到整个欧洲
The first decade of the sixteenth century saw the rise of Urbino
16世纪最初十年见证了
Castel Durante Venice
乌尔比诺 卡斯特杜兰特 威尼斯
and Castelli
和卡斯特里的兴盛
and producers of high quality maiolica
和高级马爵利卡陶瓷的制造商
All of these were produced on an almost industrial scale
所有这些器皿几乎都是以工业规模进行生产的
with important export markets
其主要出口市场
through southern and central Europe
包括在欧洲南部和中部
as well as over the Alps to the north
以及从阿尔卑斯山脉到整个北部地区
With the evolution of story painted escoriato maiolica
随着在成品描绘的故事的演化
which extended the range of
马爵利卡陶瓷将插画的范围
pictorial invention to the new medium
延伸到了这种新的媒介
maiolica commanded the new attention of some of
马爵利卡陶瓷吸引了
the greatest patrons of renaissance Europe
文艺复兴时期的欧洲的大主顾
from Popes and cardinals to
从教皇到主教
leading Princes, nobles, scholars and merchants
王公贵族 学者和商人
reaching across Europe from Spain to Hungary
从西班牙到匈牙利 遍及整个欧洲
Among the stars of the exhibition are the superb pieces
在这次展览中最具人气的展品都是很棒的作品
which even if we cannot prove that they were commissioned
即便我们无法证明
as part of wedding rituals
他们是否用作婚礼的御用物品
were made to commemorate dynastic marriages
但他们都是用来纪念宗室婚姻的
We can deduce this
这一点 我们可以从上面
from the arms painting on them
所绘的人物的臂章中推测出来
The earliest is this two-handled vase
早期的作品就是这个双柄花瓶
with the arms of Medici of Florence impaling those of Rossini
佛罗伦萨的美第奇的臂章交织着罗西尼的臂章
These arms could refer to one of
这些臂章可能涉及
two marriages between the two families
两个家族间的两个婚姻之一
most likely that between Lorenza Medici
比较可能是罗伦泽·美第奇
and Claditch Rossini in 1469
和科拉迪琦·罗西尼于1469年举行的婚礼
Both form and decoration derive from
其外形和装饰
imports of Spanish lustred pottery from Valencia
都源于西班牙巴伦西亚的光面陶器
which were admired for their brilliant metallic sheen
由于其精美绝伦的金属光泽而令人称羡
Spanish lustred pottery won great prestige as a luxury product
在整个15世纪 西班牙的光面陶器
amongst Italian consumers throughout the 15th century
在意大利奢侈品消费者中赢得了巨大赞誉
