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In one study published in 2009 Asian American women
一个2009年公布的研究采访了
who had previously been diagnosed with breast cancer
曾被诊断为乳腺癌的
were interviewed and questioned on race,
美国亚裔女性 问及的问题有种族
residential history, menstrual and reproductive history
住宅史 月经和生育史
medical and family history, anthropometrics and
病历及家庭历史 身体指标
cultural and religious practices.
文化及宗教信仰
Researchers also collected information about
研究者还收集每个受访者
each participant's dietary intake of soy during
在儿童时期 青春期 和成年时期
childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
饮食中对豆类的摄入
To gather the most accurate information about
为了收集到每个受访者
the participant's childhood intake of soy mothers
儿童时期豆类摄入的最准确信息
of participants were also questioned.
他们还采访了这些受访者的母亲们
In many cases mothers could not be reached,
很多情况下受访者的母亲们没法联系上
refused participation or had already passed away.
拒绝参加 或者已经去世
In these cases only the participant's data was used.
这些情况下只能使用受访者自己提供的资料
This chart shows the levels of intake, low, medium
这张表格显示了人们在不同的
and high for each stage of life;
生命阶段(童年 青春期和成年后)
childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
对豆类不同水平的摄入情况
The second column describes the ratio of participants
第二栏显示了参与调查的人群中
who had breast cancer cases to the controls or women
乳腺癌患者人数与未患
who did not have breast cancer.
乳腺癌人数(即对照组)的比例
The relative risk or RR for the lowest intake at each
生命中每个阶段最低摄入量的
stage of life is set at 1.0 and
相对风险值(RR)设在1.0
used as the reference value.
并被当做参考值
Intakes of medium or high amounts of soy are then
中等量或大量豆类的摄入会和
compared to 1.0. A decrease from 1.0 represents
1.0相比较 低于1.0表示患病几率降低
a decreased risk so the smaller the decimal in
所以第三栏里的小数越小
the third column the lower the risk.
患癌几率越低
As the chart shows increasing amounts of soy
如表格显示的 在所有生命阶段里
at all stages of life resulted in a decreased risk.
增加豆类摄入量会使患病几率降低
But the most significant decrease is seen in medium to
但患病几率降低最显著的是童年时期
high intakes during childhood.
中等量至大量的豆类摄入
This suggests that the most important time to increase
这表明为了降低乳腺癌患病几率
intake of soy in order to reduce risk of breast cancer
而增加豆类摄入量的最重要时期
is during childhood years.
是童年阶段
In an article published by Dr. Helferich, an associate
赫尔弗里希博士是伊利诺伊大学
professor of nutrition at the University of Illinois and
营养学副教授 研究大豆和癌症
who researches soy and cancer expressed his concern
他在发表的一篇文章里 表达了他对
about some negative impacts
大豆异黄酮在患癌几率上
of soy isoflavones on cancer risk
负面作用的担忧
His research suggests that
他的研究表明
women who have estrogen sensitive breast
患有雌激素敏感性乳腺癌的女性
cancer or breast cancer in which estrogen encourages
在雌激素的作用下 她们
growth may experience increased growth of their tumors.
乳腺内的肿瘤可能继续增长
This is thought to be due to the fact that the
这是因为异黄酮染料木素
isoflavones genistein mimics the effects of estrogen
和雌激素的作用相似
and high levels of estrogen are associated with
而且高水平的雌激素
increased cancer proliferation.
与癌扩散的增加有关
Dr. Helferich states "over 90% of soy consumption is
赫尔弗里希博士说 "90%以上的大豆摄入
likely to be a health benefit to Americans.
很可能对美国人的健康有益
But I am concerned about the woman with
但我担心的是雌激素依赖性
an estrogen-dependent cancer.
乳腺癌患者
She needs to be very careful about the amount
她需要对她摄入的大豆异黄酮
of soy isoflavones she consumes."
的量非常小心"
An important note is that this study was only performed
重要的一点是这项研究仅仅
in animals and not in humans so it can only raise
在动物身上做过 而没在人身上做过
awareness of the issue not provide proof of
所以这只能提高对这一问题的意识 不能
negative effects of soy on cancer risk.
证明大豆是否对癌症患病几率有负面影响
