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This program is brought to you by the Southern Institute of technology
本课程由新西兰国立南方理工学院为您呈现
Hello
大家好
and welcome to SIT2LRN’s certificate in intensive English language
欢迎来到SIT2LRN强化英语认证系列课程
This week we move into upper intermediate level, modules 1-4
本课我们将学习中上级水平的内容，模块1-4
We’ll start by revising forms that we are pretty familiar with
我们从修改我们很熟悉的词汇形式
verbs forms
即动词形式，入手
When discussing habits, things that happened regularly
在我们讨论习惯，有规律发生的事情时
The present simple tense is used
应当使用一般现在时
I practice the piano every day
我每天练习弹钢琴
The present simple is also used when talking about states
在谈论状态或不经常变化的事物时
things that do not often change
也应使用一般现在时
I read the paper
我看报纸
When we discuss temporary actions
在我们谈论一时性动或行为作时
we use the present continuous tense
我们应使用现在进行时
It’s cloudy
今天阴
The present continuous tense is also used for different plans
现在进行时同样可以用于各种不同的计划
Anna is having a party tomorrow
安娜明天将举办一个聚会
When discussing actions that started in the past
在讨论过去开始的行为
and are still continuing
并且一直延续到现在时
the present perfect tense is used
应当用现在完成时
Anna has worked at that office for 2 years
安娜在那个单位工作了两年
Other instances with the present perfect is used include
其它可以用现在完成时的情况包括
actions that happened at some time in the past
在过去某时发生的行为
Doesn’t matter when
无论具体什么时间
Anna has already passed the requirements for her math course
安娜已经满足了其数学课程的要求
And for actions which happened in the past
对于那些发生在过去
But have an effect in the present
但在现在还有影响的行为
Jim has forgotten his textbook
吉姆忘了他的课本
When we discuss actions that happened in the past which are finished
在我们讨论过去发生并已完成的事情时
We use the past simple tense
应当用一般过去时
I walked to work yesterday
我昨天步行上班
Move in right along to the past continuous tense
下面更进一步，来学习过去进行时
This is used when one action began before another
过去进行时用在一个行为提前另一个行为开始
And finished after it
却比另一个行为更晚结束的时候
Jim was fixing the fence when Tom arrived
汤姆到来的时候，吉姆还在修围墙
And when an action has already started
或用在一个行为在特定的时间已经开始
And was still continuing at a particular time
并且延续至今的情况下
At two o’clock, it was raining
两点钟开始下雨
Now since the past continuous tense is formed by using the verb “be”
过去进行时是由动词 be
And the past tense and the “ING” form of the base action verb
和过去时，以及基本行为动词的ING形式构成
They were dancing
他们在跳舞
The final verb form we’ll look at is the past perfect tense
我们要学习的最后一种动词形式是过去完成时
This is used for an action that happened before another event in the past
这被用作一个行为提前另一个行为发生的情况
Before the computer crashed, I had saved my work
在电脑死机前，我保存了文件
Now that our knowledge of the various verb forms
现在我们对于各种各样的动词形式的知识
has been refreshed
已经有了新的了解
It’s time to put them into practice with our first dialog
该将它们运用在情景对话的练习中了
I practice the art of war every day, Timothy
蒂莫西，我每天都练习战争的艺术
for such a time as this!
就比如说现在！
I know, Jeffery
我知道，杰弗瑞
But don’t let your emotions cloud your mind
别让情感的阴霾笼罩你的思绪
Sir Roderick has been the reigning military tactician champion
罗德里克先生已经连续三届
for three years
获得了军事战略家卫冕冠军
Well, Timothy, then it is time for the sun to come out
别担心，蒂莫西，现在是你我出头之日了
And his reign to end
他注定要日落西山
I am planning his downfall as we speak
我现在已经在盘算他的覆灭了
I saw sir Roderick this morning, Jeffery
我上午看到罗德里克先生了，杰弗瑞
I think he suspects that we are up to something
我觉得他怀疑我们在谋划什么
Are you afraid of him now, Timothy?
现在你就害怕啦，蒂莫西？
Before he slandered my mother, I had called him “friend”
在他诋毁我母亲之前，我曾称他为"朋友"
Now he is the object of my wrath
而如今他是我怒火的来源
I stood next to you when this began, Jeffery
从一开始我就是站在你这边的，杰弗瑞
And you can be sure I will be by your side at the end
并且我将支持你到最后
Shall we draw the battle lines?
我们来画战线吧？
Yes, lets
好啊
