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According to the celiac sprue association
根据乳糜泻研究协会的说法
there are three major steps that are taken in order to
诊断一个人是否患有乳糜泻
diagnose a person with celiac disease.
需要三个主要的步骤
The first step includes a thorough physical examination
第一步是进行一个全面的身体检查
to look for any signs of celiac disease
看被检查人是否有乳糜泻预兆
such as fatigue or weight loss.
比如疲惫和体重下降
A blood panel is also conducted, sometimes referred to
还要进行全血细胞计数
as a celiac blood panel to look at
有时被称为腹腔全血细胞计数
other indicators of celiac disease such as antibodies.
来检查其中是否有乳糜泻的预兆，如出现抗体
Second, a multi-sample biopsy of the duodenal portion
第二步，对十二指肠进行多样本组织检查
of the intestine is done in order to look at
查看是否有由麦胶蛋白引起的
possible damage from the gluten.
可能的损害
The third step includes implementing
第三步是
the gluten-free diet.
执行无麦胶蛋白饮食
When the person's health begins to improve
当健康状况开始改善的时候
symptoms start to diminish and the intestinal villi
乳糜泻的症状就会逐渐消失
start to repair themselves celiac disease is diagnosed.
小肠绒毛也会进行自我修复
Please be aware that it is important to keep gluten
请注意为了保证诊断的准确性
in the diet for an accurate diagnosis.
要在食品中保留麦胶蛋白
Removal of gluten too early before seeing a physician
如果去医院检查之前就提前不吃含有
can remove signs and symptoms of celiac disease
麦胶蛋白的食物，可能会导致乳糜泻的一些症状
needed for a successful diagnosis.
消失，从而无法做出正确的诊断
As you can see in this diagram
这张图显示的是
there are three different areas of the intestine.
三个不同区域
The duodenum is the portion of the intestine
十二指肠紧连胃部
that immediately follows the stomach and
也正是
where biopsy samples
需要从这里提取样本
are taken to diagnose celiac disease.
进行乳糜泻诊断
Now that you understand
现在你已经明白了
how celiac disease is diagnosed and that
乳糜泻如何诊断
someone with celiac disease needs to follow
乳糜泻患者应该
a strict gluten-free diet.
严格执行无麦胶蛋白饮食
Let's discuss what gluten is
现在我们来讨论一下何为麦胶蛋白
and where you may find it in the food supply.
在何种食物中可以找到麦胶蛋白
Gluten is a protein
麦胶蛋白是一种蛋白质
that gives bread dough elasticity
在二氧化碳作用下
which allows it to rise without collapsing
可以使面团膨胀
while trapping the CO2.
并具有弹性
Gluten is what gives bread and bread-like products
麦胶蛋白可以使面包和面包类产品
a desirable volume and texture.
按人们的要求呈现出不同的大小和质地
It is found in wheat, rye and barley as well as
麦胶蛋白存在于小麦，黑麦和大麦以及
all wheat derivatives including bulgar, couscous
麦类衍生品中，如碾碎的干小麦，蒸粗麦粉，面筋
mataza, seitan, semolina, triticale, spelt, kamut
粗粒小麦粉，黑小麦，斯佩尔特小麦
and einkorn and emmer and anything with wheat
呼罗珊小麦，单粒小麦，二粒小麦等
in the title except for buckwheat.
以及除荞麦之外的以麦来命名的物质
Someone who is following a strict gluten-free diet
执行无麦胶蛋白饮食的人
must stay away from these grains
应该远离这些谷物
as they contain gluten.
因为它们含有麦胶蛋白
This is a flow chart showing
这张流程图显示的是
where the grains that contain gluten
含有麦胶蛋白的谷物
fall within the plant kingdom.
在植物王国中如何分布
Notice they are all grouped
注意，虽然被划分为同一种类
in the same species so wheat, rye and
小麦，黑麦和大麦中含有麦胶蛋白
barley contain gluten while rice, corn, teff
而水稻，玉米，埃塞俄比亚画眉草
buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth are gluten-free.
荞麦，藜麦以及苋菜中没有麦胶蛋白
Currently the FDA has
目前美国食品及药物管理局
no definition for gluten free.
对无麦胶蛋白还没有明确的定义
The proposed definition of gluten is
有人建议应该把麦胶蛋白定义为
proteins that naturally occur in a prohibited grain
在一些谷物中自然存在的蛋白质
and that may cause adverse health effects
若进入乳糜泻患者体内则会对健康造成
in persons with celiac disease
不利影响
where a prohibited grain would be defined as wheat
其中，一些谷物，被定义为小麦，黑麦和大麦
rye, barley or cross-bred hybrids of wheat
以及这三者的
rye or barley.
杂交作物
For example triticale is a cross between
比如，黑小麦就是
wheat and rye.
黑麦和小麦的杂交产物
This labeling is voluntary for those companies
这种分类方法由生产
whose products meet the definition of gluten-free.
无麦胶蛋白食品的公司自由采纳
Gluten-free labeling was proposed in 2007
2007年就有人提出了无麦胶蛋白分类
and as of 2009 still remains in draft form.
的建议，但到2009年依然还处于筹备状态
Because of this lack of labeling it is important
因为缺少这种分类
for those who have celiac disease
所以对于乳糜泻患者来说
to carefully read labels in order to determine
仔细阅读标签确定食品是否
whether the food contains gluten or not.
含有麦胶蛋白是非常重要的
