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Social environments have a huge impact on
社会环境不光对儿童的膳食摄入有着
dietary intake for everyone, not just children.
举足轻重的影响，对每个人都是如此
This food preference has been often found to increase
通常发现，当孩子们目睹他们的父母
when children witness their parents enjoying foods.
享用食物时，这种食物喜好会增加
This places a lot of emphasis on the importance of
这就让父母成为孩子的行为榜样的
parents to be good role models to their children.
重要性大为彰显
Children are always watching and mimicking their
孩子总是会观察和模仿他们
parents' habits. Children can acquire similar habits
父母的习惯，孩子会养成与他们父母类似
of the parents. Children will set standards of
的习惯，孩子根据他们父母如何进食
expectations based on how their parents eat.
来设立自己的期望标准
If a child observes a parent enjoying fast food on
如果一个孩子看到父母中一个经常吃
a regular basis the child will establish a standard
快餐，那么他将会建立的标准就是
that consuming fast food on a regular basis is
经常吃快餐就是
the norm. However if a child observes their parents
那个规范，但是，如果一个孩子看到他的父母
enjoying healthy foods such as fruits, vegetables,
经常享用健康食物，如水果，蔬菜
dairy, and whole grains on a regular basis their
奶制品和全谷物，那么孩子
children will establish a standard that is the norm
就会把那样的标准当作规范
and be more likely to eat these foods. The importance
也更有可能会去吃这些食物，倡导让儿童
of introducing healthy food options in children is best
选择健康食品的重要性不言而喻
because studies have shown that eating habits
因为研究已经显示，儿童时期养成的
developed as a child can carry over into adolescence
饮食习惯会被带入青春期
and adulthood. Another important factor when
乃至成人阶段，另一个鼓励儿童健康
encouraging healthy dietary habits in children is
饮食习惯的重要因素是
that younger children are more easily influenced
与青少年相比，更年幼的儿童更容易
by parents' dietary habits than adolescents.
受到父母饮食习惯的影响
This is because adolescents have already developed
这是因为青少年已经养成了
their eating habits and a more reluctant to change.
他们自己的饮食习惯而不愿加以改变
Again,this is why it is so critical to begin introducing
所以，这也更加说明了为什么在儿童时期
healthy habits in children and to continue to build on
开始培养健康的饮食习惯并让这些习惯随孩子
these habits as children grow. As children grow up
一起成长是如此重要，孩子成长的过程中
they become more independent which means
他们变得越加独立，这意味着
the responsibility of feeding children is transferred
喂养孩子的责任已经从父母
from the parent to the child itself.Once the adolescent
转移到了孩子自己身上，当青春期来临
years arrive adolescents begin to only rely on their
青少年开始只需要依赖他们的父母
parents to supply the food for them to eat at their
给他们提供食物，他们可以用他们
personal convenience. In a study focusing on the
个人方便的方式来吃，有人研究了
home environment in adolescent food intake found that
青少年食物摄取的家庭环境，发现
the food available in the home is going to influence
家庭的可用食物将会影响到
what adolescents eat. Increasing the availability of
青少年的进食，将家庭中水果，蔬菜
fruits, vegetables and dairy products in the home will
和奶制品的可用性增加，那么
increase the consumption of these foods in children's
儿童的饮食中这些食物的摄取也会增加
diets. The study also found that availability of energy
研究也显示，能量密集型食品--糖，脂肪
dense foods, those foods high in sugar, fat and salt,
和盐含量高的食品--的可用性
decrease the consumption of healthy foods in the home,
会使得家庭中对健康食品的摄取减少
the reasoning being that when children are given
原因是当孩子要在健康食品和能量密集型
the choice between healthy foods and energy dense
食品之间做出选择时
foods they will reach for foods which appeal to
他们会伸手选择那些更加吸引他们的食品
them more, thus the energy dense foods. Let's
所以，能量密集型食品就胜出了，我们
take a look at some of the negative and positive
来看看，父母鼓励孩子养成健康饮食习惯
consequences of parents encouraging healthy dietary
会带来哪些积极和消极的影响
habits in children.A lack of encouraging healthy habits
如果不鼓励孩子养成健康饮食习惯
in a child can lead a child to not understanding
就会造成一个孩子不了解
the importance of consuming healthy foods. It can also
去吃健康食品的重要性，同时
lead to some negative health consequences such as
也会带来一些对健康不利的后果，比如
the risk of childhood obesity or obesity as an adult,
儿童期肥胖或成人后肥胖的风险
increased risk of cancer and many lifelong health risks
癌症和许多终身健康风险因素的增加
such as high blood pressure, cholesterol and
比如高血压，胆固醇和
type 2 diabetes. By encouraging healthy habits it can
2型糖尿病，通过鼓励养成健康习惯，一些
also lead to positive outcomes such as children
积极的效果将会产生，比如，孩子们
gaining awareness of healthy food options,
开始有了健康食物选择的意识
consuming healthy food options, meeting or becoming
饮用食用健康食物，开始达到或接近
closer to those recommended daily intakes and building
那些推荐的每日摄入营养，开始养成
healthy habits which can carry over into adulthood.
健康的习惯，这些习惯会伴随他们长大
