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During pregnancy, many women will have food cravings
怀孕期间，许多女性会突然很想吃一些食物
based on taste, smell, or texture.
食物种类因味道，气味，或材料不同
In some women, these cravings can be dangerous.
对一些女性而言，这种渴望有可能很危险
PICA is an abnormal ingestion of non-food items
异食癖是指一种不正常的摄入非食物类
or ingestion of food in excessive amounts.
或过量摄入食物
PICA is a potentially fatal and may lead to
异食癖很可能是致命的，也许会
complications to the pregnancy
影响怀孕
depending on what substance is consumed.
这主要取决于食用了什么物质
Consumption of laundry detergent, baking soda,
异食癖的孕妇食用洗衣粉，小苏打
corn starch, or coffee grounds has been reported
玉米淀粉，或咖啡渣都
in women with PICA.
已经是报道过的了
Intestinal disturbances, such as an obstruction
肠功能失调，例如会引发阻塞
or contamination can result from these situations
或污染
or more severe complications,
或者更严重的影响
for example metabolic alkalosis, can occur
例如，有可能发生代谢性碱中毒
if a box of baking soda is consumed.
如果服用了一盒小苏打的话
Over consumption of foods can also lead to
过量食用食物也会引发
excess weight gain or hyperglycemia.
超重或高血糖症
Furthermore, women can damage their teeth
此外，女性很有可能损伤自己的牙齿
by either consuming hard or acidic compounds.
如果吃太硬或太酸的食物的话
Studies have shown a smaller head circumference
研究表明，胎儿的头围变小
of the child is correlated with the mother eating clay
与母亲在孕期食用
or dirt during pregnancy.
黏土或泥土是有关的
The poison center advises women not to
防中毒中心建议女性
consume coffee grounds
不要食用咖啡渣
because it can be associated with caffeine toxicity.
因为有可能会咖啡因中毒
PICA is a medical emergency
异食癖是一种医疗紧急事故
and at the first sign of this abnormal behavior,
一旦发现这种不正常的行为
medical assistance must be sought
就应寻求医疗帮助
to prevent damage to the health
以避免损害
of the mother and the baby.
母体和胎儿的健康
Less severe than PICA, many women think that
没有异食癖那么严重的是，许多女性认为
cravings are a sign that the baby needs specific food
渴望某种事物表示胎儿需要某种食物
and that they are free to eat whatever they feel like.
因此，母亲可以随意食用胎儿想吃的食物
For example, the coworker
例如
who munches on a jar of pickles throughout the day
一个孕妇整天都嚼食一罐酸菜
because she believes that the baby wants them
因为她觉得胎儿需要
may be increasing here intake of sodium
但这会过量增加钠元素的摄入量
to a dangerous level.
引发危险
Several years ago,
几年前
the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated that
美国妇产科学院申明
when exercising while pregnant heart rate
锻炼时，孕妇的心率
should not exceed 140 beats per minute
每分钟不能超过140下
and the exercise shouldn't last more than 15 minutes.
锻炼时间也不应超过15分钟
Now the American College of Obstetricians
如今，美国妇产科学院
and Gynecologists recommend moderate exercise
建议孕妇要进行适当的运动
30 minutes or more for most days of the week.
尽量每天锻炼30分钟或30分钟以上
For many women, once they learn that
对许多女性而言，一旦她们得知
they are pregnant, they stop exercising.
自己怀孕了，就停止锻炼了
For some, this may be because they don't understand
对一些人而言，也许是因为她们不懂得
the benefits of regular exercise
经常锻炼的益处
or they feel uncomfortable.
或是她们觉得不舒服
During pregnancy, changes occur in hormones,
怀孕期间，激素水平
body, balance, and heart rate.
体重，平衡状态及心率都会发生变化
Because of the extra weight,
由于体重增加
balance will be off and joints will be strained.
身体会失去平衡，关节也会扭伤
Also, exercise increases the flood of oxygen blood
锻炼能够使更多的有氧血液
to the muscles being worked and away from other parts
流入锻炼的肌肉或者将有氧血液移除
of your body including the fetus.
身体其他部位包括胎儿部位
Therefore, care must be taken to participate in exercise
因此，必须小心谨慎地参加锻炼
that avoids these issues.
以避免这些问题
The first step is
第一步
to speak with your healthcare professional
与自己的医疗保健医师进行沟通
before starting an exercise regimen.
然后再开始锻炼养生
Exercising has many benefits
锻炼的益处很多
for both the mother and the fetus.
对母亲和胎儿都很有益
For the mother, it can improve
对母亲而言，能够提高
cardiovascular function, limit pregnancy weight gain,
心血管功能，控制孕期体重增加
decrease muscle and skeletal discomfort,
减少肌肉和骨骼不适
reduce muscle cramps, reduce lower limb swelling,
减少肌肉痉挛，减少下肢肿胀
and stabilize mood.
平和内心等
