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BBC百件藏品话沧桑第28件:奥古斯都头像(3)

时间:2014-12-04 16:04:33 编辑:mike 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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This was an Augustus forever powerful, forever young.
这就是力量与青春永驻的奥古斯都。

His deft, some might say devious, mix of patronage and military power, which he concealed behind the familiar offices and titles of the old Republic,
他仍保留了罗马共和国的表面形式，执政手段灵活狡黠，恩威并施，

has served as a model and a master-class for ambitious rulers ever since. He built new roads and developed a highly effective courier system,
成为后世野心勃勃的统治者们的榜样。他铺设新的道路，建立了更高效的邮递系统，

so that the empire could be effectively ruled from the centre and so that he could be visible to his subjects everywhere.
使帝国的中央控制更为有力，他的形象也变得随处可见。

He reinvigorated the formidable Roman army to defend and extend the Imperial borders,
他整治并加强原本就战无不胜的军力，保卫疆土，扩大版图。

and he established a long-lasting peace during his 40 years of steady rule, initiating a golden period of stability and prosperity famously known as the Pax Romana.
在他统治的40年中，政治稳定，国内战火平息，罗马进入了长期稳定并繁荣发展的黄金时期，史称罗马和平时期。

He'd brutally fought and negotiated his way to the top, but now he was there, he wanted to reassure people that he would not be a tyrant.
在通往权利顶峰的途中，奥古斯都曾经经历过残暴的斗争，但在成为君主之后，他并不希望百姓将自己看作暴君。

So he set to work to make people believe in him, and more astonishingly want to follow him, brilliantly turning subjects into supporters.
他用了种种措施来获取百姓的信任，最终成为他们所爱戴的君主。

We asked Boris Johnson, a classicist and a political leader, how he rated Augustus:
我曾问过古典文化学者兼政治领袖鲍里斯约翰逊对于奥古斯都的看法:

He became a vital part of the glue that held the whole Roman Empire together.
他是罗马帝国团结一致的关键。

You could be out there in Spain or Gaul or Cyrenaica-you could be all over the world-and you could go to a temple and you would find women, with images of Augustus, of this man, in this bust sewn onto their cowls.
在西班牙和高卢，无论走进哪座神庙，都能看到随身佩戴奥古斯都头像，或将他的半身像缝在自己衣服上的女性。

People at dinner parties in Rome would have busts exactly like this above their mantelpieces-that was how he was able to infuse the entire Roman Empire with that sense of loyalty and adherence to Rome.
罗马人举行晚宴时，旁边的壁炉架上摆放着他的半身像，就像这座一样。他能让整个帝国完全效忠于他的政府。

If you wanted to become a local politician, in the Roman Empire, you became a priest in the cult of Augustus.
事实上，成为罗马帝国的官员，便意味着你成为奥古斯都教的一名神父。

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1.visible to 看得见的

The planet Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week.
整周都可以用肉眼观察到火星tqjK4l9WAc.z16by。

They found a bacterium visible to the human eye.
他们发现了一种肉眼可见的细菌v|yWs#seSQ%ITA。

2.want to 想去；想要

The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do.
你是什么样的人和你想成为什么样的之间的差距就是，你做了什么.TB4=KZwXY^X#|ces0N。

"I want to send a telegram." — "Fine, to whom?"
“我想发份电报BwxP65ANX[。”—“好的，发给谁？”

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重点单词		查看全部解释
effective	[i'fektiv]	想一想再看 adj. 有效的，有影响的	联想记忆 X 单词effective 联想记忆： ef出，fect做－做出来的效果
imperial	[im'piəriəl]	想一想再看 adj. 帝国(王)的，至尊的，特大的 n.
established	[is'tæbliʃt]	想一想再看 adj. 已被确认的，确定的，建立的，制定的动词est
vital	['vaitl]	想一想再看 adj. 至关重要的，生死攸关的，有活力的，致命的	联想记忆 X 单词vital 联想记忆： vit生命，al：极其重要的；充满活力的
prosperity	[prɔs'periti]	想一想再看 n. 繁荣，兴旺	联想记忆 X 单词prosperity 联想记忆：源于：prosper（v 成功；兴隆）
devious	['di:viəs]	想一想再看 adj. 迂回的，弯曲的，不正直的	联想记忆 X 单词devious 联想记忆： de偏离+vi道路+ous→误入歧途的
bust	[bʌst]	想一想再看 n. 半身像，胸部，萧条，破产 v. 打碎	联想记忆 X 单词bust 联想记忆：从bus外看里边的人：半身像
patronage	['pætrənidʒ]	想一想再看 n. 赞助，光顾，任免权	联想记忆 X 单词patronage 联想记忆： patron赞助人+age名词反缀,表示“状态，总称”→赞助，惠客
tyrant	['taiərənt]	想一想再看 n. 暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人	联想记忆 X 单词tyrant 联想记忆： tyr+ant表名词，“…人”，来自拉丁文tyrannus暴君→暴君
ambitious	[æm'biʃəs]	想一想再看 adj. 有雄心的，有抱负的，野心勃勃的	联想记忆 X 单词ambitious 联想记忆： amb大+it+ion→走大步→雄心，志向+ious→有雄心的