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The young Alexander campaigned brilliantly for a total of ten years, until he had defeated the whole of the Persian Empire.
年轻的亚历山大十年征战，战功显赫，最终征服了整个波斯帝国。他显然是个充满魄力的人。
What drove him on? We asked the leading expert on Alexander, Robin Lane Fox:
但他不断前进的动力何在？我们询问了研究亚历山大的著名专家罗宾雷恩福克斯：
"Alexander was driven by the heroic ideals that befitted a Macedonian king, ruling over Macedonians, the ideals of personal glory, prowess.
做个称职的马其顿国王、统领全马其顿的英雄式理想以及实现个人荣耀、表现个人英勇的理想，都不断驱策着亚历山大。
He was driven by a wish to reach the edge of the world, in his case first the eastern edge, denied by his men in India.
想到达世界尽头的愿望也驱策着他。此外还有想超过自己父亲腓力二世的愿望。
He was driven by a wish to excel forever his father Philip, who was a man of significance, but pales almost to a shadow beside Alexander's global reputation."
腓力二世确实是一位出色的国王，但与亚历山大的伟业相比，就显得暗淡无光了。
Alexander's victories didn't just depend on his armies.
亚历山大的成就不止依靠军队取得。
They needed money-and lots of it.
军队需要费用，大量费用。
Luckily his father Philip had conquered the rich gold and silver mines of Thrace, the area that straddles the modern borders of Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey, and that financed the early campaigns.
腓力二世早已占领了横跨如今希腊、保加利亚和土耳其的色雷斯地区，那里蕴藏着丰富的金银矿。
But this inheritance was later swelled by the enormous wealth he captured in Persia, and Alexander's imperial conquests were bankrolled by nearly five million kilos of Persian gold.
这些贵金属成为亚历山大早期战争的经费来源。而在征服了波斯之后，他财富大增:他从波斯掠走了约五百万公斤的黄金。
With irresistible force, huge wealth and enormous charisma, it's no wonder that Alexander became a legend, seeming to be more than mortal, literally superhuman.
拥有百战百胜的军队、巨额财富和巨大的领袖魅力，亚历山大自然成了传奇。
And for many, he was just that.
他不再是一个凡人，而是几近神祗。
In one of his early campaigns in Egypt, he visited the oracle of the god Amon, and there the oracle named him not just the rightful pharaoh of Egypt, but a god.
在早期征服埃及的战争中，他曾向阿蒙神寻求神谕，神谕称他为法老和天神。
He left the oracle with the title "son of Zeus Amon"-and that explains the characteristic ram's horns on images of him, like the one on our coin.
离开神示所后，他便拥有了“宙斯阿蒙之子”的称号，因而他的头像上会有标志性的公羊角，如我们在银币上看到的一样。
