1. look down at 朝下看

eg The director look down at the actor from the dolly.

导演从摄影车上看下面的演员。

2. tick by 滴滴答答响

eg I think about how slowly the time must tick by before they reach the final moment when they step in front of a panel of 19 distinguished judges.

我猜想他们面对19个优秀的评委，走完决赛之前的每一分钟都应该非常难熬。

3. long ago 很久以前

eg Anyone familiar with OO design principles knows that these questions have been answered long ago through the creation and application of design patterns.

熟悉 OO 设计原则的人都知道，很久以前就通过设计模式的创建与应用对这些问题进行了处理。