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带你步入魔法世界:《哈利·波特与魔法石》赏析(102)
时间:2012-03-30 11:41:58 来源:可可英语 编辑:lily 每天三分钟英语轻松学
Ask:v. 询问,请求,邀请,要求,开价,期待
【词语用法】
ask在大部分情况下是指“问”,如ask her name(问她的名字),ask the way(问路),但在于price搭配时,表达两种意思,“问价”和“讨价”。
I asked her the price.
这里指问价。
I asked the price of ¥20.
这里指讨价。
ask后可带直接宾语和间接宾语,如ask his name和ask him。也可带双宾语,但是要注意将间接宾语(指人的词)先放在前面,中间不需要任何介词连接。
She asked me my opinion.
她问我的意见。
ask后可接of,但多半情况下,省略of。如句子I asked him a question比I asked a question of him的用法普遍,而 She has a question to ask (of) you和she asked (of) me中的of均可省略。
不过,在特定的句子中,of 不可省略。
I am afraid it is too much to ask of him.
句中的ask做请求的意思。
ask和ask for都有“请求”的意思,而前者常用在无形的物体上,后者则可同时用在有形和无形的物体上。如ask a favour,ask advice和ask for bread,ask for money。
如果在这两种表达方式后加被请求的人,那么用ask时该在宾语后加of 和人,而用ask for时该在ask和for中间加人,如ask a favour of her和ask him for meat。
通常情况下,ask在指“请求”时,后要求带双宾语,但比较特殊的是,favour是直接宾语,所以可以将ask a favour of him改为ask him a favour,不能说ask him advice或ask him permission;
ask 指“请求”时,后可接that从句,句中用shall,should或虚拟现在式。
I ask that he shall/should call this evening.
I ask that he call (不用calls) this evening.
ask后还可以带不定式。
I asked to go home.
I asked John to go home.
I asked for the children to have extra milk.
注意下列各句的意思:
She asked me something.
她问我一个问题,一些事。
She asked me for something.
她向我要些东西。
He asked about her.
他问起她。
He asked after she.
他问起她的健康情况。
He asked for her.
他问起要见她,与其联系。
【错句举例与错句分析】
错句:Some general questions to ask of your software .
纠正:Some general questions to ask about your software include the following.
翻译:就你们的软件问下面这些基本的问题
分析:一般用ask a favour of somebody或是ask certain uses of software,但不能直接说questions of software。
【词义辨析】
ask, demand, inquire, question,
ask: 最普通用词,可与demand, inquire和question换用,但ask用于口语中,指提出问题让人回答。
demand: 指根据自己的权利、职责或身份认为有必要弄清情况而正式发问,常隐含命令对方回答的意味。
inquire: 较正式用词,指为得到真实情况而详细询问或调查了解。
question: 指因感到可疑或为了解情况,弄清究竟而发问,有时指一连串的发问。
ask, beg, demand, require, request, implore, claim, pray, entreat,
ask: 最普通用词,指向对方提出要求或请求,长、晚辈,上下级之间都可使用。
beg: 指恳切地或再三地请求或要求,常含低三下四意味,也多用于应酬场合。
demand: 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求,或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
require: 强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
request: 正式用词,指非常正式,有礼貌的请求或恳求,多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
implore: 书面用词,着重指迫切、焦急或痛苦地恳求或哀求,常含较强的感情色彩。
claim: 指有权或宣称有权得到而公开提出的要求。
pray: 语气庄重,指热情、诚恳和敬祈的要求,现不很常用。
entreat: 泛指一般“恳求或哀求”,含企图说服对方或用热烈的请求软化反对意见的意味。
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